Characterization of MtnE, the fifth metallothionein member in Drosophila

Atanesyan, Lilit; Günther, Viola; Celniker, S; Georgiev, Oleg; Schaffner, Walter

doi:10.1007/s00775-011-0825-4

Cited by 45 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In a previous study, we showed the inflammatory effects of pulmonary administered Ag ENPs, the same ENPs as used in this study, with infiltration of neutrophils and expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1b (Smulders et al, 2014), a known inducer of MT gene expression (De et al, 1990). In addition MT production can also be up regulated via MTF-1 binding to metal-response elements in the promoter regions of MT genes as shown in the presence of Ag-ions in Drosophila (Atanesyan et al, 2011) In this study, we demonstrated that the administered Ag ENPs are partially or completely dissolved with chelation of the released Ag ions by MTs or other thiol-containing molecules. Furthermore, higher concentrations of the metals Fe and Cu were observed in the Agrich spots.…”

Section: Elementmentioning

confidence: 51%

Lung distribution, quantification, co-localization and speciation of silver nanoparticles after lung exposure in mice

et al. 2015

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Large knowledge gaps still exist on the toxicological mechanisms of silver (Ag) engineered nanoparticles (ENPs); a comprehensive understanding of the sources, biodistribution, toxicity and transformation of Ag ENPs along their life cycle and after transfer in living organisms is needed. In a previous study, mice were pulmonary exposed to Ag ENPs and local (lung) and systemic toxic effects together with biodistribution to organs including heart, liver, spleen and kidney were investigated. Here, Ag lung distribution, local concentration, co-localization with other elements such as Fe, Cu and S, and speciation were determined after lung exposure to Ag ENPs using micro X-ray fluorescence (μXRF), micro X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (μXANES) and micro proton-induced X-ray emission (μPIXE) techniques. We found that approximately a quarter of all macrophages in the lumen of the airways contained ENPs. High local concentrations of Ag were also detected in the lung tissue, probably phagocytized by macrophages. The largest part of the ENPs was dissolved and complexed to thiol-containing molecules. Increased concentrations of Fe and Cu observed in the Ag-rich spots suggest that these molecules are metallothioneins (MTs). These results give more insights on the behavior of Ag ENPs in the lung in vivo and will help in the understanding of the toxicological mechanisms of Ag ENPs.

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Section: Elementmentioning

confidence: 51%

Lung distribution, quantification, co-localization and speciation of silver nanoparticles after lung exposure in mice

et al. 2015

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“…The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most studied insects in the fields of genetics and molecular biology and not surprisingly many studies on MT has been carried out in this species. It has been found that D. melanogaster genome harbors a family of at least five expressed MT genes, codifying respectively for five MT isoforms MtnA-E [38]. The analysis of fruit fly interactome revealed that the Zn-loaded MtnA and MtnB interacted with peroxiredoxin, opening new perspectives on the role of MTs in the redox network [39].…”

Section: Unconventional Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallothioneins, Unconventional Proteins from Unconventional Animals: A Long Journey from Nematodes to Mammals

2014

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Metallothioneins (MTs) are ubiquitous low molecular weight cysteine-rich proteins characterized by high affinity for d10 electron configuration metals, including essential (Zn and Cu) and non-essential (Cd and Hg) trace elements. The biological role of these ancient and well-conserved multifunctional proteins has been debated since MTs were first discovered in 1957. Their main hypothesized functions are: (1) homeostasis of Zn and Cu; (2) detoxification of Cd, and Hg; and (3) free radical scavenging. This review will focus on MTs in unconventional animals, those not traditionally studied in veterinary medicine but of increasing interest in this field of research. Living in different environments, these animals represent an incredible source of physiological and biochemical adaptations still partly unexplored. The study of metal-MT interactions is of great interest for clinicians and researchers working in veterinary medicine, food quality and endangered species conservation.

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“…The numbers of MTs vary among different species. For example, Drosophila melanogaster has five MTs [21], but only a single MT has been identified in Orchesella cincta [15]. In the present study, two full-length MT cDNA sequences were obtained from the O. chinensis transcriptome database.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these studies have focused primarily on mammalian and aquatic organisms and plants [9]. Few studies have examined the interactions between MTs and metal ions in Diptera and Collembola insects [20], [21]. Little is currently known regarding the molecular characteristics and functions of MT genes in Orthoptera insects, especially grasshohper Oxya chinensis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Metallothionein Genes in Oxya chinensis: Molecular Characteristics, Expression Patterns and Roles in Heavy Metal Stress

Liu

Kou

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Metallothioneins (MTs) are small, cysteine-rich, heavy metal-binding proteins involved in metal homeostasis and detoxification in living organisms. In the present study, we cloned two MT genes (OcMT1 and OcMT2) from Oxya chinensis, analyzed the expression patterns of the OcMT transcripts in different tissues and at varying developmental stages using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), evaluated the functions of these two MTs using RNAi and recombinant proteins in an E. coli expression system. The full-length cDNAs of OcMT1 and OcMT2 encoded 40 and 64 amino acid residues, respectively. We found Cys-Cys, Cys-X-Cys and Cys-X-Y-Z-Cys motifs in OcMT1 and OcMT2. These motifs might serve as primary chelating sites, as in other organisms. These characteristics suggest that OcMT1 and OcMT2 may be involved in heavy metal detoxification by capturing the metals. Two OcMT were expressed at all developmental stages, and the highest levels were found in the eggs. Both transcripts were expressed in all eleven tissues examined, with the highest levels observed in the brain and optic lobes, followed by the fat body. The expression of OcMT2 was also relatively high in the ovaries. The functions of OcMT1 and OcMT2 were explored using RNA interference (RNAi) and different concentrations and treatment times for the three heavy metals. Our results indicated that mortality increased significantly from 8.5% to 16.7%, and this increase was both time- and dose-dependent. To evaluate the abilities of these two MT proteins to confer heavy metal tolerance to E. coli, the bacterial cells were transformed with pET-28a plasmids containing the OcMT genes. The optical densities of both the MT-expressing and control cells decreased with increasing concentrations of CdCl2. Nevertheless, the survival rates of the MT-overexpressing cells were higher than those of the controls. Our results suggest that these two genes play important roles in heavy metal detoxification in O. chinensis.

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Characterization of MtnE, the fifth metallothionein member in Drosophila

Cited by 45 publications

References 47 publications

Lung distribution, quantification, co-localization and speciation of silver nanoparticles after lung exposure in mice

Lung distribution, quantification, co-localization and speciation of silver nanoparticles after lung exposure in mice

Metallothioneins, Unconventional Proteins from Unconventional Animals: A Long Journey from Nematodes to Mammals

Two Metallothionein Genes in Oxya chinensis: Molecular Characteristics, Expression Patterns and Roles in Heavy Metal Stress

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