Characterization of novel borides in Ti–Nb–Zr–Ta+2B metal-matrix composites

Effect of Ti content and sintering temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of TiB reinforced titanium composites synthesized by SPS process

“…Because TiB phases adopt a B27 crystal structure and the planes with a higher density of strong bonds tend to grow at a higher rate, TiB should grow along the [010] direction and develop a needle-shaped or rod-like morphology [16,18,36]. As illustrated in Fig.…”

Low temperature thermal expansion, high temperature electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties of Nb4AlC3 ceramic synthesized by spark plasma sintering

“…Obviously, the particles of Nb, Al, and carbon black could be easily distinguished due to the contrast difference. Corresponding to the gray aluminum particles, niobium particles display the brighter color because of the higher atomic weight [47]. The dark fine particles were detected as carbon black by EDS.…”

Aseptic loosening of femoral components – A review of current and future trends in materials used

“…Theses alloys can have three types of structures including Alpha (a), Alpha-Beta (a-b) or metastable b, and Beta (b) among which the b phase in Ti alloys shows a much lower modulus than the a phase, also fulfills most of the other necessities for orthopedic application [70]. Ti alloys have excellent properties such as high strength, low density, high specific strength, good resistance to corrosion, complete inertness to body environment, and moderate elastic modulus, which make them suitable for implantation.…”

“…Moreover, the metallic wear particles from Ti alloys, also, cause adverse effects such as tissue blackening and metallosis [63,71]. The application of Ti-based alloys has been limited to the locations where the wear resistance is not of crucial importance [70]. Therefore, the use of these materials as bearing surfaces in total joint replacements such as femoral condyles of TKRs and femoral head of total hip replacements (THRs) is avoided.…”