Characterization of novel circovirus DNAs associated with wasting syndromes in pigs.

Meehan, Brian; McNeilly, F.; Todd, D.; Kennedy, S.; Jewhurst, Victoria; Ellis, John; Hassard, Lori; Clark, Edward G.; Haines, Deborah M.; Allan, Gordon

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-79-9-2171

Cited by 433 publications

(382 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Both PPV and PCV are small, single-stranded DNA viruses that have a small coding capacity and are, therefore, highly dependent on host cell functions. 17,24 The predilection of autonomous parvoviruses from a variety of species for rapidly dividing cells is well recognized and well documented both in vivo and in vitro. 6,13,24 Although it has been documented in vitro that the replication of at least the original isolates of PCV are dependent on the S, or synthesis phase, of the cell cycle, currently little is known about the requirements for PCV growth in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, available data indicate that PCV 2 replicates to high titers in cell cultures, whereas PCV 1 infection results in only low copy number. 17 If Figure 5. Electron micrograph of PCV in gradient-purified pooled plasma sample from pigs with PMWS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17,25 Previous serological surveys documented an apparently high prevalence of seroconversion to PCV 1 in pig populations in North America and Europe 9,14,23 ; however, to date, PCV 1 infection of pigs with PMWS has not been documented.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Coinfection by Porcine Circoviruses and Porcine Parvovirus in Pigs with Naturally Acquired Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome

et al. 2000

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Abstract. Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is an emerging disease in swine. Recently, the disease has been reproduced with inocula containing a newly described porcine circovirus (PCV), designated PCV 2, and porcine parvovirus (PPV). In order to determine if these viruses interact in naturally acquired PMWS, affected tissues from field cases were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for PCV 2 and PPV, as well as by PCR for the other recognized porcine circovirus, PCV 1. Porcine circovirus 2 was detected by PCR or IHC in affected fixed or frozen tissues from 69 of 69 cases of PMWS collected over 3 years from 25 farms. Porcine parvovirus was detected in 12 of the same cases, and PCV 1 was detected in 9 of 69; however, an apparent decrease was found in the sensitivity of the PCRs used to detect the latter 2 viruses when fixed tissue from the same cases were compared with the use of frozen tissues. Porcine circovirus 2 was not detected by PCR in affected tissues from 16 age-matched pigs that had Streptococcus suis-associated disease. Electron microscopic examination of plasma pooled from 15 pigs with PMWS revealed the presence of PCV and PPV, whereas these viruses were not observed in pooled plasma from 5 age-matched clinically normal pigs. These results confirm and extend previous findings documenting a consistent association of PCV 2 with PMWS. As well, infection by PPV or PCV 1 or both may be an important cofactor in the pathogenesis of some, but apparently not all, cases of PMWS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coinfection by Porcine Circoviruses and Porcine Parvovirus in Pigs with Naturally Acquired Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome

et al. 2000

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“…However, these clinical signs and histopathological lesions must be associated with the presence of type-2 porcine circovirus (PCV2) in affected tissues for the diagnosis of PMWS [38]. Indeed, PCV2 was rapidly associated with PMWS [2,12,28] even though initial experimental infections failed to reproduce the full spectrum of clinical signs irrespective of the type of PCV2 suspension inoculated (homogenates of PCV2 infected tissues [5] or virus propagated in cell cultures [13,27]). These studies demonstrated that unidentified co-factors were necessary to trigger the syndrome in PCV2-infected piglets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction of PMWS in immunostimulated SPF piglets transfected with infectious cloned genomic DNA of type 2 porcine circovirus

et al. 2005

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-Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is a recently emerged disease affecting pigs. Type 2 porcine circovirus (PCV2) has been associated with this syndrome although other factors are required in association with this virus for PMWS expression. The aim of this study was to investigate whether general immunostimulation (injections of keyhole limpet hemocyanin emulsified in incomplete Freund adjuvant and of thioglycollate medium) could strengthen the severity of PMWS in six-week-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) piglets transfected with pure tandem-cloned PCV2 DNA by the intramuscular route. Non-immunostimulated piglets transfected with the viral clone did not present clinical signs but only mild pathological microlesions characteristic of PMWS. These piglets seroconverted and high viral genome loads and infectious titers were detected in the lymphoid organs at the end of the trial. Mild-to-moderate forms of PMWS were generally observed in the immunostimulated transfected piglets, as well as one severe form for a piglet (8003) which died. These piglets with mild-to-moderate forms had higher DNA loads than the transfected-only animals. Thus, viral replication was enhanced by immunostimulation. This is the first time that clinical PMWS has been reported in an SPF immunostimulated piglet infected with a pure inoculum consisting of tandem-cloned PCV2 DNA. This result confirms that PCV2 is the agent of PMWS and that immunostimulation could enhance PMWS in SPF piglets transfected with a PCV2 DNA clone. porcine circovirus type 2 / immunostimulation / tandem-cloned DNA / PMWS

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“…Since PMWS was first identified in western Canada in 1991 Clark, 1997;Meehan et al, 1998), PMWS has become an economically important and serious disease in the world (Allan and Ellis, 2000;Trundova and Celer, 2007). Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), a single-stranded circular DNA virus associated with PMWS of swine, has two major open reading frames, ORF1 and ORF2 (Nawagitgul et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Production of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein using Baculovirus

Lee¹,

Bae²,

Kim³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Industrial Entomology

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Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a single-stranded circular DNA virus associated with Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which is considered to be an important infectious swine viral disease. PCV2 capsid protein encoded by ORF2 is a structural protein and expected as the high immunogenicity protein. In this study, we generated recombinant baculovirus containing ORF2 of PCV2 and analyzed the optimal conditions for the production of capsid protein in insect cell. Production and status of recombinant capsid protein in insect cell were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis using His tag antibody and anti-PCV2 serum. The yield of recombinant capsid protein was high like as shown visible on SDS-PAGE. Optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) and infection time of recombinant virus were determined as 5 MOI and 4 days, respectively. ORF2 is known to have Nlinked glycosylation site, but we couldn't detect the glycosylation of recombinant protein in insect cells.

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Characterization of novel circovirus DNAs associated with wasting syndromes in pigs.

Cited by 433 publications

References 30 publications

Coinfection by Porcine Circoviruses and Porcine Parvovirus in Pigs with Naturally Acquired Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome

Coinfection by Porcine Circoviruses and Porcine Parvovirus in Pigs with Naturally Acquired Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome

Reproduction of PMWS in immunostimulated SPF piglets transfected with infectious cloned genomic DNA of type 2 porcine circovirus

Efficient Production of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein using Baculovirus

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