Characterization of Nutritional and Bioactive Compound in Three Genotypes of Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz and Pavón) from Different Agroecological Areas in Puno

Abstract

Bioactive compounds and nutritional characterization in three genotypes of mashua tubers (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz and Pavón) from different agroecological areas of the Peruvian highlands (3747 at 3888 meters above sea level) were studied. The studied genotypes from different agroecological areas significantly differed for vitamins, amino acids, and bioactive compounds. However, the nutritional characteristics of yellow, purple, and yellow-purple mashua remained unaffected. Its tubers were shown to be important sources of protein and fiber. The nutritional analysis revealed high phosphorus and potassium values, as well as considerable amounts of vitamin C. The amounts of total free amino acids in the genotypes ranged from 2.73 ± 0.450 mg/g dry matter (DM) to 6.825 ± 0.450 mg/g DM. Important total anthocyanins, total flavonoids, total phenolics, tannin content, and antioxidant activity values were obtained from purple genotype. Unexploited colored mashua tubers are proposed as a valuable natural source of phenolics and anthocyanins with high antioxidant activity.

Characterization of Second-Generation Snacks Manufactured from Andean Tubers and Tuberous Root Flours

“…Also, the extrusion process increases the exposure of hydrophobic groups due to protein denaturation, which reduces the extruded solubility in aqueous systems. For example, it releases the amino acids alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine, which are present in IbP [65] and Tt [66]. This effect was studied by Chiang [67], who demonstrated the importance of the protein-protein interaction during the process.…”

Chemical Composition and Bioactive Components of Three Wild Isaño Genotypes (T. Tuberosum SSP. Silvestre Sparre)

“…It is also used for the treatment of venereal, pulmonary, and skin diseases, for internal and external wound healing, for reduction of the reproductive function in men, and as an analgesic for renal and bladder pain (Aguilar-Galvez et al, 2020;Pérez and Apaza, 2019). It has a high nutritional value in protein (6.96 ± 0.09 to 11.72 ± 0.05 g/100 g DM), carbohydrates (73.79 ± 0.07 to 77.50 ± 0.17 g/100 g DM), fiber, βcarotene, vitamin C, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, and contains all essential amino acids except tryptophan (Coloma et al, 2022;Leidi et al, 2018). This species is mainly rich in phenolic compounds (Chirinos et al, 2013(Chirinos et al, , 2008(Chirinos et al, , 2007a, fatty acids (Ramallo, 2004), and glucosinolates (Martín and Higuera, 2016).…”

Effect of Naphthaleneacetic Acid (NAA) and 6-Benzylamino Purine (BAP) on In-Vitro Propagation of "Mashua" (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruíz & Pavón) Morphotypes from Peru

“…2 Mashua is cultivated between 300 and 3800 masl, although Andean farmers generally cultivate it between 2400 and 4300 masl. 3 It is a frost and drought tolerant crop; although the optimum temperature is in the range of 8 to 11°C. 4 It is resistant to insects, nematodes, fungi and other pathogens that attack Andean tuberous roots.…”