Characterization of oils fromDuranta repensleaf and seed

Abstract

-The knowledge of the chemical composition of unpopular sources of edible oils has become paramount to supplement the usage of widely known vegetable oils. In this study, the gas chromatographic quantification of fatty acids and phytochemicals was carried out, and the physicochemical and micronutrient composition of Duranta repens leaf and seed oil were evaluated using standard methods. The leaf oils contained significantly higher (p < 0.05) peroxide, iodine and thiobarbituric acid values, refractive index, and moisture contents, while the saponification value, specific gravity, melting point and pH were significantly higher in the seed oil. The seed oils contained higher Mg, K, Na and vitamin K contents while the leaf oil contained higher Fe, vitamin A and vitamin D contents. The occurrence of the fatty acids were as follows: palmitic > oleic > myristic > stearic > capric > linoleic > lauric > palmitoleic for the seed oil, while for the leaf oil linoleic > palmitoleic > oleic > stearic > palmitic > myristic > capric > lauric > myristoleic. The major phytochemical constituents of the seed oils were catechin (68.12 ug/ml), saponin (44.03 ug/ml), rutin (32.89 ug/ml), linamarin (22.66 ug/ml) and tannins (19.62 ug/ml), while kaempherol (84.05 ug/ml), rutin (62.26 ug/ml) and saponins (45.63 ug/ml) were mostly predominant in the leaf oil. Spartein, anthocyanins and phytates were among the least phytochemicals in composition, for both samples. These chemical properties evaluated, suggest that Duranta repens seed oil is more suitable for industrial and therapeutic purposes.Keywords: fatty acids / micronutrient / phytochemicals / physicochemical / Duranta repens Résumé -Caractérisation des huiles de feuilles et graines de Duranta Repens. La connaissance de la composition chimique des sources d'huiles comestibles peu utilisées est devenue primordiale afin de compléter l'utilisation des huiles végétales plus largement connues. Dans cette étude, la quantification, par chromatographie en phase gazeuse, des acides gras et des composants phytochimiques a été effectuée, et la composition physicochimique et en micronutriments de l'huile de feuilles et de graines de Duranta repens a été évaluée à l'aide de méthodes classiques. Les huiles de feuilles contiennent des valeurs significativement plus élevées (p < 0,05) de peroxyde, d'iode et d'acide thiobarbiturique, tandis que la valeur de saponification, la densité, le point de fusion et le pH étaient significativement plus élevés dans l'huile de graines. Les huiles de graines contiennent des teneurs en Mg, K, Na et vitamine K plus élevées, tandis que l'huile de feuille contenait des teneurs supérieures en Fe, en vitamine A et en vitamine D. La concentration relative en acides gras était la suivante : palmitique > oléique > myristique > stéarique > caprique > linoléique > laurique > palmitoléique pour l'huile de graines, et linoléique > palmitoléique > oléique > sté arique > palmitique > myristique > caprique > laurique > myristoléique pour l'huile foliaire. Les principaux ...

Effect of Boiling and Fermentation on Physicochemical Properties, Fatty Acid and Micronutrients Composition of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle) Seeds

“…The acid values in this study were higher than the acid value for raw, sun-dried and roasted groundnut oil (2.35, 1.79 and 2.52 mgKOH/g respectively) as reported by Ayoola and Adeyeye [21]. It was however, lower than that found in Duranta repens seed oil (21.01 mgKOH/g) as reported by Agomuo et al [10] and plukeneti aconophora (11.5mg KOH/g) as shown by Akintayo and Bayer [22]. The low acid values of the raw, boiled and fermented seeds of HS (2.51, 4.02 and 4.66 mgKOH/g respectively) strongly suggest that the oil may be very suitable for manufacture of soap, cooking, manufacture of margarine, mayonnaise, salad oils and cosmetics.…”

“…The low levels of percentage FFA in the three samples (1.26, 2.01 and 2.05% respectively) indicate that the oils from them may be useful edible oils that may be stored for a long time without spoilage via oxidative rancidity. The peroxide value of the samples were higher than that reported for water melon seed (3.24 mleq/kg) by Gladvin et al [25] and different refined groundnut species (1.30 -1.73 mleq/kg) by Nkafamiya et al [26] but lower than those of Opuntia dilleni (15.60 mleq/kg) by Njoku et al [27], crude groundnut oils (22.06 -25.03 mleq/Kg) [26], Duranta repens leaf oil (20.00 mleq/kg) and Duranta repens seed oil (12.29 mleq/kg) by Agomuo et al [10]. The peroxide values of the samples of Hibiscus sabdariffa seeds increased possibly as a result of boiling and fermentation.…”

“…Micronutrients are useful properties of food substances that enhance quality nutrition [10]. Minerals are very important in human nutrition for proper metabolic activities and enzymatic actions in the body.…”

Nutritional profiling of garden egg stalk Solanum macrocarpum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae)

“…The fat contents of the eggplant in this study compared with those of leafy vegetables (Udosen, 1995), while the result of this study further indicated that the eggplant is a better carbohydrate source when compared to those for its fruit varieties; S. aethiopicum and S. macrocarpum (Nwodo et al, 2011). Ribalinidine and lunamarine are recognized alkaloids with antimalarial and analgesic effects (Agomuo et al, 2017), hence, the eggplant stalk could potentially possess effective antimalarial and analgesic properties.…”

Physicochemical properties of new peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) varieties

“…The higher measurements of the characteristics reported for the crude oils revealed the necessity to purify the oils. In addition, the high values of oil RI also showed that the oil samples contain long chain fatty acids with a large number of carbon atoms (Bello and Olawore, 2012;Agomuo et al, 2017).…”