Characterization of Organosulfur Molecular Monolayers on Au(111) using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

Poirier, G. E.

doi:10.1021/cr960074m

Cited by 1,016 publications

(1,219 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…16 Similarly, the monolayer forming molecules may not all align on the surface with exactly the same orientation, thus forming domains of slightly different orientation. 18,19 Finally, inevitably any image shows the monolayer as a static entity but in reality molecules will exhibit their normal fluctuations in position as dictated by thermal motion.…”

Section: Self-assembly Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular level modification of surfaces: from self-assembled monolayers to complex molecular assemblies

2011

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The modification of surfaces with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) containing multiple different molecules, or containing molecules with multiple different functional components, or both, has become increasingly popular over the last two decades. This explosion of interest is primarily related to the ability to control the modification of interfaces with something approaching molecular level control and to the ability to characterise the molecular constructs by which the surface is modified. Over this time the level of sophistication of molecular constructs, and the level of knowledge related to how to fabricate molecular constructs on surfaces have advanced enormously. This critical review aims to guide researchers interested in modifying surfaces with a high degree of control to the use of organic layers. Highlighted are some of the issues to consider when working with SAMs, as well as some of the lessons learnt (169 references). 2011 The Royal Society of Chemistry. The modification of surfaces with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) containing multiple different molecules, or containing molecules with multiple different functional components, or both, has become increasingly popular over the last two decades. This explosion of interest is primarily related to the ability to control the modification of interfaces with something approaching molecular level control and to the ability to characterise the molecular constructs by which the surface is modified. Over this time the level of sophistication of molecular constructs, and the level of knowledge related to how to fabricate molecular constructs on surfaces have advanced enormously. This critical review aims to guide researchers interested in modifying surfaces with a high degree of control to the use of organic layers. Highlighted are some of the issues to consider when working with SAMs, as well as some of the lessons learnt (169 references).

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Section: Self-assembly Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular level modification of surfaces: from self-assembled monolayers to complex molecular assemblies

2011

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“…2D). 27 iii) The alkyl chains in SAMs of alkanethiolates have a tilt angle on silver of ~11º with respect to the surface normal. 28 Divergence of alkyl chains at boundaries between domains in the SAM will cause disorder in the SAM (Fig.…”

Section: (Or Vice Versa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Rectification in Tunneling Junctions Based on Molecules with Asymmetric Potential Drops

2010

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This paper proposes a mechanism for the rectification of current by self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiolates with Fc head groups (SC11Fc) in SAM-based tunneling junctions with ultra-flat Ag bottom electrodes and liquid metal (Ga2O3/EGaIn) top electrodes. A systematic physical-organic study based on statistically large numbers of data (N = 300−1000) reached the conclusion that only one energetically accessible molecular orbital (the HOMO of the Fc) is necessary to obtain large rectification ratios R ≈ 1.0 × 102 (R = |J(−V)|/|J(V)| at ±1 V). Values of R are log-normally distributed, with a log-standard deviation of 3.0. The HOMO level has to be positioned spatially asymmetrically inside the junctions (in these experiments, in contact with the Ga2O3/EGaIn top electrode, and separated from the Ag electrode by the SC11 moiety) and energetically below the Fermi levels of both electrodes to achieve rectification. The HOMO follows the potential of the Fermi level of the Ga2O3/EGaIn electrode; it overlaps energetically with both Fermi levels of the electrodes only in one direction of bias.

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“…SAMs based on chemical Au-S bonds were first reported in 1983 9 and immediately attracted enormous attention. Systematic studies of their surface structures, properties and functions [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] have been achieved for a number of molecular systems, driven by a wide range of potential applications. 19,20 Besides Au-S bonding, metallic substrates can also be other transition metals such as silver and platinum.…”

Section: Qijin Chimentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemically controlled self-assembled monolayers characterized with molecular and sub-molecular resolution

Zhang

Welinder

Chi

et al. 2011

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Self-assembled organization of functional molecules on solid surfaces has developed into a powerful and sophisticated tool for surface chemistry and nanotechnology. A number of reviews on the topic have been available since the mid 1990s. This perspective article aims to focus on recent development in the investigations of electronic structures and assembling dynamics of electrochemically controlled self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of thiol containing molecules on gold surfaces. A brief introduction is first given and particularly illustrated by a Table summarizing the molecules studied, the surface lattice structures and the experimental operating conditions. This is followed by discussion of two major high-resolution experimental methods, scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and single-crystal electrochemistry. In Section 3, we briefly address choice of supporting electrolytes and substrate surfaces, and their effects on the SAM structures. Section 4 constitutes the major body of the article by offering some details of recent studies for the selected cases, including in situ monitoring of assembling dynamics, molecular electronic structures, and the key external factors determining the SAM packing. In Section 5, we give examples of what can be offered by theoretical computations for the detailed understanding of the SAM electronic structures revealed by STM images. A brief summary of the current applications of SAMs in wiring metalloproteins, design and fabrication of sensors, and single-molecule electronics is described in Section 6. In the final two sections (7 and 8), we discuss the current status in understanding of electronic structures and properties of SAMs in electrochemical environments and what could be expected for future perspectives.

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Characterization of Organosulfur Molecular Monolayers on Au(111) using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

Cited by 1,016 publications

References 117 publications

The molecular level modification of surfaces: from self-assembled monolayers to complex molecular assemblies

The molecular level modification of surfaces: from self-assembled monolayers to complex molecular assemblies

Mechanism of Rectification in Tunneling Junctions Based on Molecules with Asymmetric Potential Drops

Electrochemically controlled self-assembled monolayers characterized with molecular and sub-molecular resolution

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