Characterization of Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus from the Chesapeake Bay, Maryland

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis associated with seafood consumption in the United States. Here we investigated the presence of virulence factors and genetic diversity of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from water, oyster, and sediment samples from the Chesapeake Bay, Maryland. Of more than 2,350 presumptive Vibrio collected, more than half were confirmed through PCR as V. parahaemolyticus, with 10 encoding both tdh and trh and 6 encoding only trh. Potentially pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus were then serotyped with O1:KUT and O3:KUT predominant. Furthermore, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed and the constructed dendrogram displayed high diversity, as did results from multiple-locus VNTR analysis. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was readily isolated from Chesapeake Bay waters but was less frequently isolated from oyster and sediment samples collected during this study. Potentially pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus was isolated in fewer numbers and the isolates displayed expansive diversity. Although characteristics of the pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus were highly variable and the percent of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus detected was low, it is important to note that, pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus are present in the Chesapeake Bay, warranting seafood monitoring to minimize risk of disease for the public, and to reduce the economic burden of V. parahaemolyticus related illness.

Genetic and virulence characterisation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from Indian coast

“…Though considered a "gold standard", it is only recently that PFGE has been extensively employed for subtyping environmental strains of V. parahaemolyticus [8,42,43]. The PFGE pattern of the 15 isolates of this study showed considerable diversity and the new serovars having pandemic attributes were not related to the pandemic O3:K6 isolate.…”

“…Though a majority of clinical V. parahaemolyticus generally carry tdh and/or trh, only a small proportion of environmental isolates have been found to harbour the hemolysin genes [6][7][8]. T3SS1 that produce cytotoxicity is present in all V. parahaemolyticus isolates irrespective of their source.…”

Occurrence and Identification of Pathogenic Vibrio Contaminants in Common Seafood Available in a Chinese Traditional Market in Qingdao, Shandong Province

“…By the early 1970s, Vibrio parahaemolyticus was recognized as a cause of diarrheal disease worldwide, most commonly in Asia and the United States. Vibrio parahaemolyticus associated with sea foods is one of the leading agent for food borne illness in China and across the world (Chen et al, 2017;Yang et al, 2017). Although cooking destroys this organism, sea snails are sometime eaten raw and will lead to infections associated with V. parahaemolyticus.…”

Comprehensive Genome Based Analysis ofVibrio parahaemolyticusfor Identifying Novel Drug and Vaccine Molecules: Subtractive Proteomics and Vaccinomics Approach

“…Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a highly reported pathogenic bacteria of aquatic environment, belongs to vibrionaceae family has emerged as the leading cause of seafood-associated gastroenteritis and a significant hazard for global aquaculture (Tang et al, 2014, Ghenem et al, 2017, Chen et al, 2017, Letchumanan et al, 2014. The overgrowing population, with increased purchasing power worldwide, has enhanced the demand for and export potential of seafood, resulting in the steady expansion of the aquaculture industry (Rico et al, 2012).…”