Characterization of PBAT/TPS blends for plastic wrapping materials of pathological waste buried in soil environments

Abstract

This study investigates the incorporation of thermoplastic starch (TPS) into polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) to create biodegradable plastic wraps for pathological waste burial in soil. TPS is added to PBAT to enhance biodegradability, as PBAT alone degrades slowly. The research examines the mechanical properties, biodegradation, morphology, and swelling behaviour of the blends. Key tests include xenon arc light exposure for accelerated aging, a formalin swelling test for permeability, and soil degradation analysis for weight loss. Results show that adding TPS significantly reduces tensile strength (65.53%) and elongation at break (93.35%), but the material still effectively serves its purpose as a wrapping for pathological waste. Morphological analysis reveals phase separation, and UV exposure further decreases tensile strength by 27.6%. The highest TPS composition (30TPS/70PBAT) shows the fastest mechanical degradation, indicating accelerated biodegradation. Despite minimal formalin absorption (16% within 1 day), the blends prevent formalin leaching, making them suitable for pathological waste containment.