Characterization of Penaeus vannamei mitogenome focusing on genetic diversity

Abstract

The diversity of the Penaeus vannamei mitochondrial genome has still been poorly characterized, there are no validated mitochondrial markers available for populational studies, and the heteroplasmy has not yet been investigated in this species. In this study, metagenomic reads extracted from the muscle of a single individual were used to assemble the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA). These data associated with mitochondrial genomes previously described allowed to evaluate the inter-individual variability and heteroplasmy. Comparison among 45 mtDNA control regions led to the detection of conserved and variable segments and the characterization of two hypervariable regions. The analysis of diversity revealed mostly low frequency polymorphisms, and heteroplasmy was found in practically all mitochondrial genes, with a high occurrence of indels. These results indicate that the design of mitochondrial markers for P. vannamei must be done with caution. The mapping of conserved and variable regions and the characterization of heteroplasmy presented here will contribute to increasing the efficiency of mitochondrial markers for population or individual studies.

Understanding the effects of salinity and Vibrio harveyi on the gut microbiota profiles of Litopenaeus vannamei

“…The Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, an endemic to the intertropical Pacific coast of South America, is amongst the most extensively cultured crustacean species in the world due to its fast growth, high yield, euryhaline nature and high tolerance to high-density farming condition (Panigrahi et al, 2018;Araneda et al, 2020;Soares et al, 2021). Like other aquaculture species, L. vannamei is also vulnerable to the global climate change impacts, which include the more frequent occurrence of extreme weather events resulting in drastic fluctuations of abiotic factors levels such as pH, carbon dioxide (CO2), dissolved oxygen (DO), water temperature and salinity (Kathyayani et al, 2019;Liang et al, 2019;AghaKouchak et al, 2020).…”