Characterization of performance on an automated visual recognition memory task in 7.5-month-old infants

Dzwilewski, Kelsey L.C.; Merced‐Nieves, Francheska M.; Aguiar, Andréa; Korrick, Susan A.; Schantz, Susan L.

doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106904

Cited by 7 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…To assess cognitive outcomes, between seven to eight months of age, infants came to the lab to complete a visual recognition memory (VRM) task [ 27 ] developed by Susan Rose and colleagues [ 52 ] and adapted for use with infrared eye-tracking [ 27 ]. In this task, infants view images of faces on a large screen, and infants’ eye movements are tracked by an SR Research EyeLink eye tracker.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infants complete 5 sets of trials using 5 different pairs of black and white photographs of human faces. Additional details regarding the VRM task are provided elsewhere [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, epidemiologic studies examining cognitive development have primarily focused on childhood assessments [ 2 ], as there are limited standardized measures to test infant cognition. In an advancement over prior work, ECHO.CA.IL uses novel methods more typically used in developmental psychology, including eye-tracking, to assess multiple indices of infant cognition [ 27 ]. These measures are sensitive to early life chemical and stress exposures and allow us to assess whether there are changes in infants’ visual attention, information processing speed, and/or recognition memory in response to chemical and non-chemical stressors [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of Maternal Stress, Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), and Demographic Risk Factors with Birth Outcomes and Offspring Neurodevelopment: An Overview of the ECHO.CA.IL Prospective Birth Cohorts

Eick

Enright

Geiger

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background. Infants whose mothers experience greater psychosocial stress and environmental chemical exposures during pregnancy may face greater rates of preterm birth, lower birth weight, and impaired neurodevelopment. Methods. ECHO.CA.IL is composed of two cohorts, Chemicals in Our Bodies (CIOB; n = 822 pregnant women and n = 286 infants) and Illinois Kids Development Study (IKIDS; n = 565 mother-infant pairs), which recruit pregnant women from San Francisco, CA and Urbana-Champaign, IL, respectively. We examined associations between demographic characteristics and gestational age, birth weight z-scores, and cognition at 7.5 months across these two cohorts using linear models. We also examined differences in biomarkers of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), measured in second-trimester serum, and psychosocial stressors by cohort and participant demographics. Results. To date, these cohorts have recruited over 1300 pregnant women combined. IKIDS has mothers who are majority white (80%), whereas CIOB mothers are racially and ethnically diverse (38% white, 34% Hispanic, 17% Asian/Pacific Islander). Compared to CIOB, median levels of PFOS, a specific PFAS congener, are higher in IKIDS (2.45 ng/mL versus 1.94 ng/mL), while psychosocial stressors are higher among CIOB. Across both cohorts, women who were non-white and single had lower birth weight z-scores relative to white women and married women, respectively. Demographic characteristics are not associated with cognitive outcomes at 7.5 months. Conclusions. This profile of the ECHO.CA.IL cohort found that mothers and their infants who vary in terms of socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, and geographic location are similar in many of our measures of exposures and cognitive outcomes. Similar to past work, we found that non-white and single women had lower birth weight infants than white and married women. We also found differences in levels of PFOS and psychosocial stressors based on geographic location.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infants complete 5 sets of trials using 5 different pairs of black and white photographs of human faces. Additional details regarding the VRM task are provided elsewhere [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of Maternal Stress, Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), and Demographic Risk Factors with Birth Outcomes and Offspring Neurodevelopment: An Overview of the ECHO.CA.IL Prospective Birth Cohorts

Eick

Enright

Geiger

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…During their first prenatal visit, women received a brochure with information about the study, and they filled out a card to indicate whether they were interested in learning more about the study. Participant eligibility criteria and the enrollment process have been previously described (Dzwilewski et al., 2020; Merced‐Nieves et al., 2020). Researchers met periodically with the women during pregnancy and after birth to collect key demographic, lifestyle, health, and diet information.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, our research group used eye‐tracking technology to develop an automated visual recognition memory (VRM) task (Dzwilewski et al., 2020), based on Susan Rose's seminal work in 2001. The goal of this research was to characterize the association between multiple measures of prenatal maternal stress and multiple aspects of cognition including recognition memory, visual attention, and information processing speed as assessed by the VRM task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of prenatal maternal stress with measures of cognition in 7.5‐month‐old infants

Merced‐Nieves

Dzwilewski

Aguiar

et al. 2020

Developmental Psychobiology

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Studies have shown that prenatal stress can negatively impact neurodevelopment, but little is known about its effect on early cognitive development. We assessed the impact of prenatal stress on cognition in 152 7.5‐month‐old infants using Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), maternal telomere length (MTL), and a Stressful Life Events (SLE) Scale. A visual recognition memory task consisting of nine blocks, each with one familiarization trial (two identical stimuli) followed by two test trials (one familiar stimulus, one novel), was administered. Outcomes assessed included: average time looking at stimuli (measure: processing speed), time to reach looking time criterion (measure: attention), and the proportion of time looking at the novel stimulus (measure: recognition memory). We examined the association of each stress measure with each outcome adjusted for infant age and sex, which of the two stimuli in each set was novel, household income, and maternal age, education, and IQ. Higher prenatal stress was associated with shorter looking durations [PSS (β = −1.6, 95% CI: −2.5, −0.58); SLE (β = 0.58, 95% CI: −0.08, 1.24); MTL (β = 1.81, 95% CI: 0.18, 3.44)] and longer time to reach criterion [PSS (β = 9.1, 95% CI: 1.6, 16.6); SLE (β = 12.2, 95% CI: 1.9, 24.1); MTL (β = −23.1, 95% CI: −45.3, −0.9)], suggesting that higher prenatal stress is associated with decreased visual attention in infancy.

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Associations between oxidative stress biomarkers during pregnancy and infant cognition at 7.5 months

Eick,

Ortlund,

Aguiar

et al. 2024

Developmental Psychobiology

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Oxidative stress has been identified as an important biological pathway leading to neurodevelopmental delay. However, studies assessing the effects of oxidative stress on cognitive outcomes during infancy, a critical period of neurodevelopment, are limited. Our analysis included a subset of those enrolled in the Illinois Kids Development Study (N = 144). Four oxidative stress biomarkers (8‐isoprostane‐PGF2α, 2,3‐dinor‐5,6‐dihydro‐8‐iso‐PGF2α, 2,3‐dinor‐8‐iso‐PGF2α, and prostaglandin‐F2α) were measured in second and third trimesters urine and were averaged. Infant cognition was measured using a visual recognition memory task consisting of five blocks, each with one familiarization trial (two identical stimuli) and two test trials (one familiar and one novel stimulus). Outcomes measured included average run duration (a measure of information processing speed), novelty preference (a measure of recognition memory), time to reach familiarization, and shift rate (measures of attention). Linear regression was used to estimate associations between individual oxidative stress biomarkers and each outcome. Increasing 8‐isoprostane‐PGF2α, 2,3‐dinor‐8‐iso‐PGF2α, and prostaglandin‐F2α were associated with a decrease in novelty preference (β = −0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.03, 0.00; β = −0.02, 95% CI = −0.04, 0.00; β = −0.01, 95% CI = −0.02, 0.00, respectively), as well as a modest increase in shift rate. These findings suggest that oxidative stress may be associated with poorer recognition memory in early infancy.

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Characterization of performance on an automated visual recognition memory task in 7.5-month-old infants

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Associations of Maternal Stress, Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), and Demographic Risk Factors with Birth Outcomes and Offspring Neurodevelopment: An Overview of the ECHO.CA.IL Prospective Birth Cohorts

Associations of Maternal Stress, Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), and Demographic Risk Factors with Birth Outcomes and Offspring Neurodevelopment: An Overview of the ECHO.CA.IL Prospective Birth Cohorts

Associations of prenatal maternal stress with measures of cognition in 7.5‐month‐old infants

Associations between oxidative stress biomarkers during pregnancy and infant cognition at 7.5 months

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