Characterization of Periodontal Biofilm in Down Syndrome Patients: A Comparative Study

Martínez-Martínez, Rita Elizabeth; Loyola-Rodriguez, JP; Bonilla-Garro, S E; Patiño-Marín, Nuria; Haubek, Dorte; Amano, Atsuo; Poulsen, Knud

doi:10.17796/jcpd.37.3.d70710016518p58n

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…nigrescens and T . forsythia ); these rates were higher than those reported in previous studies [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 12 , 13 ]. However, considering the number of bacterial cells of each species, children and adolescents with DS exhibited a higher percentage of microorganisms present in saliva compared to participants in the ND group.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…The periodontal status results showed that the DS group had a significantly higher percentage of participants with periodontal inflammation, as estimated by the gingival bleeding index; the data were consistent with previous studies that revealed a susceptibility to disease among children and adolescents with Down syndrome [ 2 – 6 ]. The high prevalence and severity of gingival bleeding can be attributed to factors such as immunodeficiency [ 3 , 4 ], elevated and early colonization by periodontopathic bacteria [ 2 , 5 , 6 ] and motor difficulty in performing oral hygiene, with a subsequent accumulation of plaque [ 3 , 7 , 13 ]. However, the mean plaque index in the present study was low and was similar in both groups, thus corroborating previously reported data [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salivary Periodontopathic Bacteria in Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome

et al. 2016

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ObjectiveTo assess and compare salivary periodontopathic bacteria between groups of Down syndrome and non-Down syndrome children and adolescents.Materials and MethodsThis study included a sample of 30 Down syndrome children and adolescents (G-DS) and 30 age- and sex-matched non-Down syndrome subjects (G-ND). Clinical examination determined the gingival bleeding index (GBI) and plaque index. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected from all participants. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique identified the presence and density of eight periodontopathic bacteria in saliva. The statistical analysis included chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests.ResultsIn the G-DS group, bleeding on probing was more frequent (p = 0.037) and higher densities of Campylobacter rectus (p = 0.013), Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.025), Treponema denticola (p = 0.026), Fusobacterium nucleatum (p = 0.013), Prevotella intermedia (p = 0.001) and Prevotella nigrescens (p = 0.008) were observed. Besides, in the G-DS, the densities of bacteria from the orange complex were significantly higher in the age group 3–7 years for F. nucleatum (p = 0.029), P. intermedia (p = 0.001) and P. nigrescens (p = 0.006). C. rectus was higher in the age group 8–12 years (p = 0.045).ConclusionThe results showed that children and adolescents with Down syndrome have higher susceptibility to periodontal disease and number of periodontopathic bacteria.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Periodontopathic Bacteria in Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome

et al. 2016

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“…Many of these studies involved dental service users (Alves et al 2016;Batista, Moreira, Rauen, Corso, & Fiates 2009;Finkelman, Stark, Tao, & Morgan 2014;Özgül et al 2014;Seirawan, Schneiderman, Greene, & Mulligan 2008;Zizzi et al 2014), and in four papers, a high prevalence of daily toothbrushing was reported (Fernandez, Descamps, Fabjanska, Kaschke, & Marks 2016;Hsieh, Murthy, Heller, Rimmer, & Yen 2018;Margaritis, Koletsi-Kounari, Mamai-Homata, & Kiriakou 2012;Seirawan et al 2008). Of the clinical studies assessing the more severe form of periodontal health (periodontitis), a significant level of disease was recorded, with the prevalence in adults with intellectual disabilities ranging from 22.5% to 69.2% (Alves et al 2016;Cheng, Leung, & Corbet 2008;Davies et al 2008;Finkelman et al 2014;Margaritis et al 2012;Martinez-Martinez et al 2013;Moosani et al 2014;Morgan et al 2012;Özgül et al 2014;Zizzi et al 2014).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health of adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review

Ward

Cooper

Hughes-McCormack

et al. 2019

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background There have been several past reports that adults with intellectual disabilities experience poor oral health (tooth loss, periodontal health and untreated dental caries). Loss of a functional dentition has serious consequences, including problems with chewing, swallowing, nutrition, speech, temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis and pain and systemic health conditions. Poor oral health is largely preventable through proactive oral care support. In recent years, social care provision for adults has changed, with deinstitutionalisation and home‐based personalised care now being the typical provision in high income countries. Hence, oral health inequalities might be reducing. However, there is limited recent evidence‐synthesis on the topic. We aimed to address this. Method PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018089880. We conducted a preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses systematic review of publications since 2008. Four databases were searched with a clear search strategy, strict inclusion criteria for selection of papers, double scoring (two raters), systematic data extraction and quality appraisal of included papers. Results A total of 33/3958 retrieved articles were included, of which 14 were drawn from dental service users and 10 from Special Olympic athletes, therefore not necessarily being representative of the wider population with intellectual disabilities. Despite this limitation, adults with intellectual disabilities were still shown to experience poor oral health. High levels of poor oral hygiene and gingivitis were found, with many also affected by periodontitis and untreated dental decay. There is clear unmet need relating to both periodontal (gum) and tooth health, leading to tooth loss. Conclusions Despite reports in the past of poor oral health amongst adults with intellectual disabilities, and despite it being preventable, there remains a high burden of poor oral health. This highlights the need to raise awareness, and for polices on effective daily oral care, and appropriate service provision. The importance of oral health and its possible negative sequelae needs to be elevated amongst carers and professionals.

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“…; Martinez‐Martinez et al . ), impaired immune response and increased gingival inflammation (Barr‐Agholme et al . ; Otsuka et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal status of individuals with Down syndrome: sociodemographic, behavioural and family perception influence

Nuernberg

Ivanaga

Haas

et al. 2019

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background The aim of the present study was to assess the periodontal condition of individuals with Down syndrome and the association with sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics and family perception of oral health. Methods This cross‐sectional observational study was performed at a referral centre for dental assistance to disabled persons in Araçatuba, Brazil. Parents of the individuals were interviewed, and the visible plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level were recorded by one periodontist in six sites per tooth of all teeth. The individual was the unit of analysis. The significance level was set at 5%. Results Sixty‐four subjects (23.8 ± 8.3 years old) were included. Eighteen (28.1%) were diagnosed with gingivitis and 46 (71.9%) with periodontitis. In the multiple logistic regression final model, age and self‐reported oral hygiene practices were associated with the occurrence of periodontitis. The chance of having periodontitis was 4.7 times higher among individuals older than 20 years and approximately 4 times higher in patients whose oral hygiene was performed by themselves and their parents, compared with those who performed oral hygiene alone. Sex, follow‐up time in the centre, education, degree of participants' dependence, flossing and family history of periodontal disease were not associated with the occurrence of periodontitis. Higher levels of plaque and bleeding were observed for participants with parents reporting bad gingival health (76.2% and 46.9%) and deficient oral hygiene (79.5% and 47.3%). The perception of parents regarding gingival bleeding was correlated with higher bleeding detected clinically (P = 0.01; 50.1%). Conclusions The prevalence of periodontitis in individuals with Down syndrome is high and increases with age, even in the face of the parents' perception about their children's oral condition.

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Characterization of Periodontal Biofilm in Down Syndrome Patients: A Comparative Study

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Salivary Periodontopathic Bacteria in Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome

Salivary Periodontopathic Bacteria in Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome

Oral health of adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review

Periodontal status of individuals with Down syndrome: sociodemographic, behavioural and family perception influence

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