Characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 Source Profiles of Fugitive Dust in Zhengzhou, China

Jiang, Nan; Dong, Zhe; Xu, Yuanqian; Yu, Fei; Yin, Shasha; Zhang, Ruiqin; Tang, Xiaoyan

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2017.04.0132

Cited by 42 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Previous study by Zhang et al (2015) collected 24-h PM 2.5 samples every sixth day in Wuhan from August 2012 to July 2013, and the results about the EFs are traceable. It was also found that the EFs of Ba, Mn, and K were below 10, and the EF of Zn were above 10, which is consistant with the finding of Jiang et al (2017) in China.…”

Section: Enrichment Factormentioning

confidence: 53%

Characteristics and Source Analysis of Trace Elements in PM2.5 in the Urban Atmosphere of Wuhan in Spring

Acciai

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The concentrations of PM 2.5 and trace elements with hourly resolution were measured during May 2014 in urban residential area of Wuhan, the biggest city in central China. During the period of measurement, the average temperature was approximate 25°C without domestic heating and cooling. The average concentration of PM 2.5 was 95.53 µg m -3 , which was higher than the limit of Ambient Air Quality Standard of China GB3095-2012 (75 µg m -3 , Level 2). A sand storm original from Northwestern China was also recorded. Concentrations of major trace elements (K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Pd, Ag, Cd, Au, Hg, Pb, Co, Sn, Sb, Tl) were comparable to previous studies, except for Ba and Ca with more than doubled concentrations (103 ng m -3 , 1,792.49 ng m -3 ) due to the storm. Enrichment Factor (EF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) were employed to characterize the emission sources. The computation of EF showed that Zincs was highly enriched. Four sources, biomass burning (63.2%) might mainly related to power plants using biowaste burning and bio-related cooking activities, metallurgical and steel industries (14%), dust crustal (12.5%) and dust associated with vehicular traffic (10.4%), were identified in decreasing order of average percentage contribution to the PM 2.5 mass with the aid of trace elements. The orientations of emission sources were also addressed.

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Section: Enrichment Factormentioning

confidence: 53%

Characteristics and Source Analysis of Trace Elements in PM2.5 in the Urban Atmosphere of Wuhan in Spring

Acciai

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…As the core city of CPER, Zhengzhou is characterized by severe PM (particulate matter) pollution (Jiang et al, 2017(Jiang et al, , 2018d and is thus selected for this study. In recent years, comprehensive PM research has been conducted on the chemical characteristics of PM in Zhengzhou (Jiang et al, 2018b; regarding source apportionment (Jiang et al, 2018c, e;Liu et al, 2019), health risks (Jiang et al, 2019a, b), and emission-source profiles (Dong et al, 2019;Jiang et al, 2018a). However, no study has been performed on the sources and characteristics of HONO in Zhengzhou.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics, sources, and reactions of nitrous acid during winter at an urban site in the Central Plains Economic Region in China

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Nitrous acid (HONO) in the core city of the Central Plains Economic Region in China was measured using an ambient ion monitor from 9 to 31 January 2019. Measurement time intervals were classified into the following periods in accordance with the daily mean values of PM2.5: clean days (CDs), polluted days (PDs), and severely polluted days (SPDs). The HONO concentrations during CD, PD, and SPD periods were 1.2, 2.3, and 3.7 ppbv, respectively. The contributions of the homogeneous reaction, heterogeneous conversion, and direct emissions to HONO sources varied under different pollution levels. The mean values of the net HONO production of the homogeneous reaction (POH+NOnet) in CD, PD, and SPD periods were 0.13, 0.26, and 0.56 ppbv h−1, respectively. The average conversions of NO2 (CHONO) in CD, PD, and SPD periods were 0.72×10-2, 0.64×10-2, and 1.54×10-2 h−1, respectively, indicating that the heterogeneous conversion of NO2 was less important than the homogeneous reaction. Furthermore, the net production of the homogeneous reaction may have been the main factor in the increase of HONO under high-NOx conditions (i.e., when the concentration of NO was higher than that of NO2) at nighttime. Daytime HONO budget analysis showed that the mean values of the unknown source (Punknown) during CD, PD, and SPD periods were 0.26, 0.40, and 1.83 ppbv h−1, respectively. The values of POH+NOnet, CHONO, and Punknown in the SPDs period were comparatively larger than those in other periods, indicating that HONO participated in many reactions. The proportions of nighttime HONO sources also changed during the entire sampling period. Direct emissions and a heterogeneous reaction controlled HONO production in the first half of the night and provided a contribution that is larger than that of the homogeneous reaction. The proportion of homogenization gradually increased in the second half of the night due to the steady increase in NO concentrations. The hourly level of HONO abatement pathways, except for OH + HONO, was at least 0.22 ppbv h−1 in the SPDs period. The cumulative frequency distribution of the HONOemission∕HONO ratio (less than 20 %) was approximately 77 %, which suggested that direct emission was not important. The heterogeneous HONO production increased when the relative humidity (RH) increased, but it decreased when RH increased further. The average HONO∕NOx ratio (4.9 %) was more than twice the assumed globally averaged value (2.0 %).

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“…Few studies have carried out chemical characterisation of PM from demolition activities. Jiang et al (2018) analysed dusts in Zhengzhou, China, and compared the geological and chemical profile with road dust, soil dust, and cement dust. By mass, the mean particle size across all samples was similar with approximately 10% (wt.)…”

Section: Other Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction and demolition waste management: A systematic review of risks to occupational and public health

Cook¹,

Velis²

2020

Preprint

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Despite the relatively benign material composition of construction and demolition waste (CDW), its mismanagement can result in considerable harm to human health, not only for the 200 million workers in the sector but also for those who live and work in proximity to construction and demolition activities. The population and workforce in low- and middle-income countries (LIMICs) is most at risk, and therefore we have focussed the attention of a systematic review of evidence that associates CDW with negative health and safety outcomes in those countries. We used PRISMA adapted guidelines to review more than 3,000 publications, narrowed to 49 key sources that provide data on hazard generation, exposure and/or risk. Subsequently, hazard-pathway-receptor scenarios/combinations were formulated, enabling indicative ranking and comparison of the relative harm caused to different groups. Though the evidential basis is sparse, there is a strong indication that the combustible fraction of CDW is mismanaged and disposed of by open burning in many LIMICs, including increasing quantities of plastics used in the sector. It is likely that the off-cuts/residues of these materials will be burned; the high chlorides-content PVC represents a serious risk when combusted in open, uncontrolled fires due to the release of dioxins and related substances. A long-standing and well-known hazard, asbestos continues to represent a threat to construction and demolition workers throughout the world. Despite being banned in most countries, exposure to asbestos particles is thought to claim the lives of a quarter of a million people every year. Though much of this risk is concentrated in high income countries where it has been used over more than half century, it is anticipated that more than half of all deaths from asbestos in the coming decades will take place in India where many asbestos products are still on the market, without any sign of prohibition. Overall highest comparatively risks are concentrated in LIMICs where the majority of workers are informal and highly vulnerable to hazard exposure. Combined with the sheer quantities of CDW, the risks can anticipated to persist – urgent attention to risk mitigation and control is needed.

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Characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 Source Profiles of Fugitive Dust in Zhengzhou, China

Cited by 42 publications

References 66 publications

Characteristics and Source Analysis of Trace Elements in PM2.5 in the Urban Atmosphere of Wuhan in Spring

Characteristics and Source Analysis of Trace Elements in PM2.5 in the Urban Atmosphere of Wuhan in Spring

Characteristics, sources, and reactions of nitrous acid during winter at an urban site in the Central Plains Economic Region in China

Construction and demolition waste management: A systematic review of risks to occupational and public health

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