Characterization of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride chemistries using mass spectrometry

Abstract

Representative Polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIBSA) samples have been studied by different MS techniques including Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance MS (ESI‐FTMS) (positive and negative modes), Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance MS (negative mode), and Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time‐of‐Flight (positive and negative modes). Negative ion ESI‐FTMS produces the best results. Differences between “mono‐succan” and “di‐succan” content can readily be observed. The source of the PIBSA (PIBSA‐I and PIBSA‐II processes) can be easily distinguished and the formation of methyl esters and amide derivatives can provide complementary data. The experiments have demonstrated the capabilities of mass spectrometry to detect and characterize such polymers samples. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012

Characterization of Polyisobutylene Succinic Anhydride (PIBSA) and Its PIBSI Products from the Reaction of PIBSA with Hexamethylene Diamine

“…PIBSA molecules are an essential component in the preparation of PIBSI dispersants used as engine oil additives. Since the properties of PIBSI dispersants are a result of their chemical architecture, which is itself a direct consequence of the chemical composition of the PIBSA starting material, the characterization of PIBSA samples has been the focus of intense research [ 8 , 23 , 24 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Despite the numerous challenges complicating the characterization of PIBSA samples [ 19 ], this study provides a protocol that can be implemented to determine the weight fraction w PIB of unmaleated PIB chains in a PIBSA sample by analyzing the GPC traces obtained with a DRI detector of PIBSA–H( X ) reaction mixtures obtained from the reaction between different amounts of PIBSA and HMDA.…”

Polyisobutylenes with Controlled Molecular Weight and Chain-End Structure: Synthesis and Actual Applications

“…It is important to note that the synthesis of PIB-SA was previously based on the use of low-MW polyisobutylenes containing internal C=C fragments, obtained in the presence of AlCl 3 or chloroalkylaluminum initiators. This approach included an additional stage of chlorination/dehydrochlorination, followed by a Diels–Alder reaction of the diene intermediate with MA ( Scheme 1 b) [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. This method currently seems less applicable due to ecological requirements; however, the same requirements necessitate the search for an alternative for toxic and corrosive BF 3 [ 19 ] in the production of HRPIB.…”

Can Nonpolar Polyisobutylenes be Measured by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry? Anion-Attachment Proved to be an Appropriate Method

“…Moreover, ESI-sources are available in most mass spectrometric laboratories but they are mainly applied for polar compounds. Based on literature reports, to make the highly nonpolar PIBs amenable to ESI-MS, the presence of any polar group capable of forming adduct ions or deprotonation is necessary [19][20][21]. Althugh the abovementioned reports represent important steps towards the successful characterization of highly nonpolar PIB derivatives by ESI-MS, these approaches do not seem to be generally applicable.…”