Plasma Medicine is the newest and rapidly expanding area of engineering medicine and bioengineering focused on direct applications of plasma for treatment of different diseases, blood coagulation control, wound management, and wound healing, as well as improving patient care through sterilization, medical implants, biomaterial engineering, and tissue engineering. The number of medical engineering professionals, researchers, upper undergraduate, and graduate university students involved today in plasma medicine is already large and growing; there is also an exponentially growing number of publications in this new field. All these students and professionals need the ability to find these publications to aid them in getting started and to advance in their research in plasma medicine. This determines the main purpose of this review, focused on, first of all, summarizing the major directions of fundamental plasma medicine and providing an extensive guide to specific diseases with current plasma-bioengineering solutions, as well as providing a relevant, up-to-date bibliography.