Characterization of Psyllium (Plantago ovata) Polysaccharide and Its Uses

Madgulkar, Ashwini; Rao, Monica Rp; Warrier, Deepa U.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_49-1

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…2H). A similar structure was also described for P. ovata by Madgulkar et al 46 . These observations further support our proposed mechanism of MSC development and disintegration, with the subsequent formation of a cell-free mucilage polysaccharide layer.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

The novel features of Plantago ovata seed mucilage accumulation, storage and release

Phan

Cowley

Neumann

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Seed mucilage polysaccharide production, storage and release in Plantago ovata is strikingly different to that of the model plant Arabidopsis. We have used microscopy techniques to track the development of mucilage secretory cells and demonstrate that mature P. ovata seeds do not have an outer intact cell layer within which the polysaccharides surround internal columellae. instead, dehydrated mucilage is spread in a thin homogenous layer over the entire seed surface and upon wetting expands directly outwards, away from the seed. observing mucilage expansion in real time combined with compositional analysis allowed mucilage layer definition and the roles they play in mucilage release and architecture upon hydration to be explored. The first emergent layer of hydrated mucilage is rich in pectin, extremely hydrophilic, and forms an expansion front that functions to 'jumpstart' hydration and swelling of the second layer. this next layer, comprising the bulk of the expanded seed mucilage, is predominantly composed of heteroxylan and appears to provide much of the structural integrity. Our results indicate that the synthesis, deposition, desiccation, and final storage position of mucilage polysaccharides must be carefully orchestrated, although many of these processes are not yet fully defined and vary widely between myxospermous plant species. Abbreviations DPA Days post-anthesis ML Mucilage layer MSC Mucilage secretory cell SEM Scanning electron microscopy Upon exposure to aqueous environments, seeds from myxospermous species extrude a polysaccharide-rich gel from their seed surface, often called mucilage. Numerous species display myxospermy and there are a range of possible evolutionary advantages of synthesising such a carbon-rich and energy-expensive substance 1. Of all myxospermous species, the seed mucilage system of Arabidopsis is the best characterised. Arabidopsis seed mucilage has been used extensively as a proxy for the study of plant cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis, enabling increased molecular characterisation of pectin biosynthesis, its main polysaccharide component 2 , as well as the biosynthesis of cellulose 3,4 and several hemicelluloses 5-8 , which are minor but integral components. Mucilage from other species can be highly diverse 1 and while P. ovata mucilage is also a complex mixture of polymers, it is predominantly heteroxylan with only a minor pectin component. While the pectin component is a near-linear rhamnogalacturonan 9-11 , the P. ovata heteroxylan (accounting for around 90% of the mucilage polysaccharides) is highly complex with the current scientific consensus defining P. ovata heteroxylan comprising a β-(1,4)-linked-d-xylopyranose backbone, heavily substituted at O-2 and/or O-3 positions with various mono-, di-and oligosaccharide substitutions of α-l-arabinofuranose and β-d-xylopyranose 9,11,12. It is likely that, as with other eudicots, the β-(1,4)-linked-d-xylopyranose backbone is synthesised by several members of

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%