Characterization of rain heights due to 0° isotherm in tropical and subtropical climates: implication on rain-induced attenuation prediction

Ojo, J. S.; Owolawi, Pius A.

doi:10.1007/s00704-018-2382-z

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In view of the influence of the temperature, most of wasps have the habit of overwintering [ 91 ], and long-term exposure to low temperatures would result in failure of wasps to overwinter [ 92 ], so there are relatively fewer Polistes and neither of Ropalidia and Parapolybia distributed in the middle temperate zone. To the contrary, in the subtropics (23°26’ N to 40° N, 23°26’ S to 40° S) and tropics (23° 26′ S to 23° 26′ N ) [ 93 ], there is a small difference in the annual temperatures (above zero in winter), and plentiful precipitation and vegetation can support sufficient foods [ 94 , 95 ]. Therefore, modern climate pattern also plays an important role in these genera distributions, as most of these wasps are coincidentally distributed in tropical and subtropical zones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial composition of and diffusion limiting factors of three social wasp genera Polistes, Ropalidia, and parapolybia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

et al. 2022

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Background Social wasps Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia, belonging to the subfamily Polistinae, have obviously different distribution patterns, yet the factors leading to this difference remain unknown. Results The 17 newly sequenced mitogenomes of Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia contain 37 genes, and there are obvious differences among the compositions of the three genera. The monophyly of the genus Polistes and a monophyletic Ropalidiini: (Ropalidia + Parapolybia) are concordant with previous morphological analysis of the subfamily Polistinae. Our inferred divergence time demonstrates Polistes (at around 69 Ma) was diverged earlier than Ropalidia and Parapolybia (at around 61 Ma). The rearrangement of both trnY and trnL1 are shared by all the Polistinae. In addition, the unique rearrangement of TDRL derived at 69 Ma is detected in Polistes, and Ropalidia contains a Reversal which may derive at 61 Ma. Hereafter, the possibility is elaborated that Polistes originated in Aisa and then dispersed from Africa to South America, and Polistes and Ropalidia spread from Southeast Asia to Australia. At last, continental drift and Quaternary Ice Ages are inferred to be two main limiting factors in the current distributions of the three genera. Conclusions Obvious differences occur in the mitochondrial composition of Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia. According to the reconstructed time-calibrated framework, it is inquired that the continental drifts and the climate are mainly diffusion limiting factors of the three genera.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial composition of and diffusion limiting factors of three social wasp genera Polistes, Ropalidia, and parapolybia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

et al. 2022

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“…there is a small difference among the annual temperatures (above zero in winter), and plentiful precipitation and vegetation can support su cient foods [92,93]. Therefore, modern climate pattern also plays an important role in these genera distributions, as most of these wasps are coincidentally distributed in tropical and subtropical zones.…”

Section: Effects Of Climate Changes On the Three Generamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial composition of and diffusion limiting factors of three social wasp genera Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

Luo

Huang

Chen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Social wasps Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia, belonging to the subfamily Polistinae, have obviously different distribution patterns, yet the factors leading to this difference remain unknown. Results In this study, mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of 21 species of these three wasp genera were used to phylogenetic analyses, including 17 newly sequenced ones. It is revealed that both evolutionary selection pressure of protein-coding genes (PCGs) and gene rearrangement events are related to the corresponding distribution patterns. In addition, our fossil-calibrated divergence time estimation suggests the diversification of Polistes was in the Late Cretaceous (~ 69 million years ago, Ma), and that of Ropalidia and Parapolybia occurred in the Tertiary (~ 61 Ma). In view of the divergence time and the history of continental drifts, we speculate that Polistes may spread from Africa to South America via the Atlantic Ocean rather than from Asia to South America. On the other hand, combining divergence time and climate changes of both past and the present-day, it is inferred that Quaternary Ice Ages and temperature could be limitation factors in their present distribution patterns. Conclusions There are obvious differences in the mitochondrial composition of Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia with different distribution ranges. According to the reconstructed time-calibrated framework, we found that the climate and the continental drifts are diffusion limiting factors of the three genera.

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“…However, rain attenuation dominates the performance of the fixed service (FS) in these frequency bands. Pluvial diminution losses are compounded by rainfall inhomogeneity, which further increases the impact on link performance of propagation effects (ITU-R) [2][3][4] . A severe issue may develop, particularly when rain attenuation is high in low percentages of time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of rain attenuation prediction in south west Nigeria on terrestrial link using artificial neural network

Kamoru,

Kolawole,

Mayowa

et al. 2022

Int. J. Comput. Artif. Intell.

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The predicted precipitation accuracy in light of the current global climate change is very important. The Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) technique then utilized the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to correctly forecast rainfall. The study is based on data from three Nigerian terrestrial microwave connections operating at frequencies of 23 and 38 GHz. At 23 GHz, a normal distribution with an average of zero is the best represented fade slope distribution, contrary to the model ITU-R earth to satellite rain fade slope. Based on the data analysis observed at 23 GHz, a novel prediction model is developed. The suggested model is validated using 38 GHz fade slope data and shown to work well with nearly all attenuation levels. A chi-square fitness test is used to further validate the model. The suggested model will be critical in the development of rainfall mitigation methods for tropical terrestrial connections. The findings of the research indicate that BPNN models may be utilized as a prediction algorithm that offers a high predictive accuracy of three types of design: 500, 1000 and 1,500.The experiment examined data on precipitation using the BPNN Architecture's two-hidden layers, from three periods of time [2-50-10-1, 500]. The average square error is used for categorization work performance evaluation. The results of the experiment indicate that the design of the 100-year-old [2-50-20-1, MSE of 0 00096341] is excellent. Moreover, the BPNN algorithm provides an efficient Southwestern Nigeria predictor model.

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Characterization of rain heights due to 0° isotherm in tropical and subtropical climates: implication on rain-induced attenuation prediction

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Mitochondrial composition of and diffusion limiting factors of three social wasp genera Polistes, Ropalidia, and parapolybia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

Mitochondrial composition of and diffusion limiting factors of three social wasp genera Polistes, Ropalidia, and parapolybia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

Mitochondrial composition of and diffusion limiting factors of three social wasp genera Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

Development of rain attenuation prediction in south west Nigeria on terrestrial link using artificial neural network

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