Characterization of residual stresses in zirconia veneered bilayers assessed via sharp and blunt indentation

ADM guidance-Ceramics: all-ceramic multilayer interfaces in dentistry

“…Using different indenters, such as Knoop or Berkovich, will allow for targeted orientation of the crack initiation process [94]. Inden- tation analysis can be easily performed on distinct planes [96].…”

Evaluating dental zirconia

“…A more pertinent yet straightforward approach is that of laboratory contact testing, using commercially available indenters to probe point-by-point property variations and to simulate occlusal and intaglio damage. Whereas the use of indentation as a numerical measure of material toughness has been queried [38], the methodology remains a uniquely powerful means of investigating a broad range of clinically relevant fracture and deformation modes in brittle materials [33,36,39,40]. …”

In vitro lifetime of zirconium dioxide‐based crowns veneered using Rapid Layer Technology

“…The hand‐layering technique, on the other hand, has been shown to incorporate pores and defects that act as weakening areas and crack initiation sites in the bulk of the material. The further influence of tensile residual stresses, which arise from the mismatch in CTE between the glassy veneer and the zirconia framework , favored the propagation of cracks through the glass, leading to the chippings of veneer observed in this study.…”

“…The VM9 FC specimens failed long before their slow‐cooling counterparts (VM9 SC), highlighting the deleterious effect of the higher‐magnitude residual tensile stresses locked inside the material during the cooling phase. It has been recently demonstrated that for the radial component of stress, compressive stresses arising from the mismatch in CTE between layers dominate in the vicinity of the interface and are responsible for the crack deflection observed inside the veneer at a certain distance from the interface (Fig. A,B).…”