Characterization of ‘safe sites’ for pioneers in primary succession on recently deglaciated terrain

Jumpponen, Ari; Väre, Henry; Mattson, Kim G.; Ohtonen, Rauni; Trappe, James M.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.1999.00328.x

Cited by 173 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Molau and Larsson 2000). Beside seed production, P. annua clumps may present safe sites for seed persistence (Jumpponen et al 1999). Therefore we might speculate that the local spread of P. annua in the future might largely depend on clump expansion rather than on the formation of new distinct clumps.…”

Section: Soil Seed Bank Size In Antarctic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial structure of the soil seed bank of Poa annua L.—alien species in the Antarctica

et al. 2014

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Poa annua L. (annual bluegrass) is the only non-native flowering plant species that has successfully established a breeding population in the maritime Antarctic and has been shown to maintain a soil seed bank. The characteristic of the spatial structure of the Antarctic population of this species is the formation of distinct dense clumps-tussocks. In the temperate zone the species is only loosely tufted. We focused on the characteristics of seed deposition associated with the tussocks and some aspects of the spatial heterogeneity of the soil seed bank of P. annua in the Antarctic. We wanted to assess the microspatial structure of the soil seed bank of annual bluegrass at Arctowski Station. Therefore we compared the number of seeds deposited underneath and in the vicinity of P. annua clumps. Our results indicate that P. annua in the Antarctic maintains a soil seed bank comparable to species typical for the polar tundra. The microspatial structure of P. annua soil seed bank in the Antarctic is highly associated with the presence of tussocks. Seeds are deposited underneath the tussock rather than in the vicinity of the clump. Our results also indicate that seeds are able to survive the Antarctic winter and readily germinate under optimal conditions.

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Section: Soil Seed Bank Size In Antarctic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial structure of the soil seed bank of Poa annua L.—alien species in the Antarctica

et al. 2014

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“…In Z1 and parts of Z2 disturbance events repeatedly destroy existing plant cover and secondary plant colonisation takes place. Establishing of vegetation cover is highly dependent on microsite conditions, especially on the presence of undisturbed sites, sheltered from wind activity and runoff ("safe sites", as defined in Jumpponen et al 1999). The main factor limiting plant colonisation in this area, except for geomorphic disturbances, is rapidly changing moisture conditions, from wet and moist at the beginning of vegetation season to very dry towards its end.…”

Section: Successional Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main factor limiting plant colonisation in this area, except for geomorphic disturbances, is rapidly changing moisture conditions, from wet and moist at the beginning of vegetation season to very dry towards its end. Strong wind action has also a negative influence on plant establishment within this area -it causes mechanical injuries and burial in carried sediments, while cold air from the glacier combined with intense radiation on soil surface cause extreme fluctuations in soil temperature and desiccation (Jumpponen et al 1999).…”

Section: Successional Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Geomorphic Disturbances on Plant Colonization in Ebba Valley, Central Spitsbergen, Svalbard

Stawska

2017

Quaestiones Geographicae

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Global warming observed nowadays causes an increase in geomorphic activity in polar regions. Within the areas influenced by cold climatic conditions, relief dynamics and vegetation development are the main landscape shaping processes. The study is limited to the Ebba Valley (78°43'N; 16°37'E) in central Spitsbergen (Svalbard), where geomorphologic observations and vegetation sampling were conducted in 2007. The valley was divided into three zones differentiated by dominating geomorphic activity and stability of deposits. The settlement and the evolution of plant cover have been documented there. The main factors that control well developed vegetation cover within raised marine terraces are frost heave and solifluction. In deeper parts of the valley, aeolian processes dominate and high differentiation of microsite conditions causes high variability in plant coverage. The area close to the Ebba glacier marginal zone is characterized by initial stages of plant colonisation where disturbance to vegetation is mainly caused by hydrological processes.

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“…In contrast, several seed addition experiments show that dispersal does indeed limit plant establishment (Wood and del Moral 1987;Jumpponen et al 1999;Lichter 2000;Jones and del Moral 2009;Marteinsdottir et al 2010). On the other hand, seed addition experiments are of durations that are brief (a few months) relative to the duration of primary succession (decades to centuries; Schupp et al 2010), such that the long-term impact of dispersal on primary succession remains uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

New Multicentury Evidence for Dispersal Limitation during Primary Succession

Makoto

Wilson

2016

The American Naturalist

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Online enhancements: appendix. Dryad data: http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.85j01.abstract: Primary succession is limited by both ecosystem development and plant dispersal, but the extent to which dispersal constrains succession over the long-term is unknown. We compared primary succession along two co-occurring arctic chronosequences with contrasting spatial scales: sorted circles that span a few meters and may have few dispersal constraints and glacial forelands that span several kilometers and may have greater dispersal constraints. Dispersal constraints slowed primary succession by centuries: plots were dominated by cryptogams after 20 years on circles but after 270 years on forelands; plots supported deciduous plants after 100 years on circles but after 1400 years on forelands. Our study provides centuryscale evidence suggesting that dispersal limitations constrain the rate of primary succession in glacial forelands.

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Characterization of ‘safe sites’ for pioneers in primary succession on recently deglaciated terrain

Cited by 173 publications

References 40 publications

Spatial structure of the soil seed bank of Poa annua L.—alien species in the Antarctica

Spatial structure of the soil seed bank of Poa annua L.—alien species in the Antarctica

Impacts of Geomorphic Disturbances on Plant Colonization in Ebba Valley, Central Spitsbergen, Svalbard

New Multicentury Evidence for Dispersal Limitation during Primary Succession

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