Characterization of sewage sludge-derived biochars from different feedstocks and pyrolysis temperatures

Lu, Huanliang; Zhang, Weihua; Wang, Shizhong; Zhuang, Luwen; Yang, Yuxi; Qiu, Rongliang

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2013.03.004

Cited by 339 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Biochar pH and its other properties may depend on the type of feedstock, temperature, and the time of pyrolysis Lu et al, 2013). In addition to the dose, differences resulting from the pH value of organic materials and soil are usually the main factor contributing to changes in the soil pH, but it is not always analogous to the desired effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of wheat and Miscanthus straw biochars on soil enzymatic activity, ecotoxicity, and plant yield

Mierzwa–Hersztek¹,

Gondek²,

Klimkowicz‐Pawlas³

et al. 2017

International Agrophysics

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The variety of technological conditions and raw materials from which biochar is produced is the reason why its soil application may have different effects on soil properties and plant growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of wheat straw andMiscanthus giganteusstraw (5 t DM ha−1) and biochar obtained from this materials in doses of 2.25 and 5 t DM ha−1on soil enzymatic activity, soil ecotoxicity, and plant yield (perennial grass mixture with red clover). The research was carried out under field conditions on soil with the granulometric composition of loamy sand. No significant effect of biochar amendment on soil enzymatic activity was observed. The biochar-amended soil was toxic toVibrio fischeriand exhibited low toxicity toHeterocypris incongruens. Application of wheat straw biochar andM. giganteusstraw biochar in a dose of 5 t DM ha−1contributed to an increase in plant biomass production by 2 and 14%, respectively, compared to the soil with mineral fertilisation. Biochars had a more adverse effect on soil enzymatic activity and soil ecotoxicity toH. incongruensandV. fischerithan non-converted wheat straw andM. giganteusstraw, but significantly increased the grass crop yield.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of wheat and Miscanthus straw biochars on soil enzymatic activity, ecotoxicity, and plant yield

Mierzwa–Hersztek¹,

Gondek²,

Klimkowicz‐Pawlas³

et al. 2017

International Agrophysics

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“…Thus, according to current regulations in the State of Hawaii, none of these biochars are permitted for land application. Similarly high Zn concentrations were measured in a number of sewage sludge biochars from various waste water treatment facilities [12,15,19,66,67].…”

Section: Heavy Metal Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 85%

The Potential Benefits and Limitations of Corn Cob and Sewage Sludge Biochars in an Infertile Oxisol

Deenik

Cooney

2016

Sustainability

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Abstract:The thermal conversion of sewage sludge to biochar offers a promising alternative use for a hazardous waste material with potential benefits to agricultural productivity and soil quality. Three short-term greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of corn cob (CC) and sewage sludge (SS) biochars, with their anaerobically treated counterparts, on soil properties and plant growth in an infertile Oxisol. The anaerobically treated SS biochar showed the greatest concentration of bioavailable essential nutrients, but treatment only resulted in increased yields for the SS biochar in the first crop in the absence of added fertilizer. Both CC and SS biochars in combination with fertilizer doubled plant growth compared to the control in the first crop cycle, produced no significant effect in the second cycle, and more than tripled plant growth for the SS biochars in the third cycle. High ash content with high nutrient contributions (especially P) and a persistent liming effect explain the benefits of the SS biochars to plant growth. The SS biochar showed promise in mitigating the negative effects of soil Mn toxicity. Sewage sludge biochars reduced Cd bioavailability and had no significant effect on the bioavailability of other potentially toxic metals compared to the control.

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“…Moreover, having low CEC value for soil 2, Table 2 Class means and contrasts of class for fresh yield and dry matter yield of lettuce grown in Soil 1 and 2 for two growing cycles a GC1 = Growing Cycle I and GC 2 = Growing Cycle II b Classes compared comprise the following treatments: control = control; biochar alone = biochar alone treatments (10, 20 and 30 t ha ); biochar with N = combination of the different biochar rates with the two N levels ns, not significant (P > 0.05); * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001), n = 5 Biochar with N versus N alone *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** the biochar could possibly enhance ability of this soil to retain cations. Biosolids are known to contain high total concentrations of trace and toxic elements, which exist in more pronounced concentrations in charred product (Bridle and Pritchard 2004;Lu et al 2013). One detrimental effect of biosolid including waste derived biochar use is the accumulation of heavy metals concomitantly reduction of crop growth at higher application rates (Walter et al 2006;Singh and Agrawal 2007).…”

Section: −1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of biochar derived from faecal matter on yield and nutrient content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in two contrasting soils

et al. 2017

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Background: Faecal matter biochar offers an interesting value proposition where the pyrolysis process guaranties a 100% pathogen elimination, as well as significant reduction in transport and storage weight and volume. Therefore, to evaluate the effect of (1) biochar produced from dried faecal matter from household based septic tanks, and (2) N fertilizer, as well as their interaction on yield and nutrient status of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), lettuce was grown over two growing cycles under glasshouse on two contrasting soils amended once at the start with factorial combination of faecal matter biochar at four rates (0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha ) with 0, 25 and 50 kg N ha −1 in randomized complete block design.Results: For both soils, maximum fresh yields were recorded with biochar and combined application of biochar with N treatments. However, the greatest biochar addition effects (with or without N) with regard to relative yield were seen in less fertile sandy loam soil. We have also observed that faecal matter biochar application resulted in noticeable positive residual effects on lettuce yield and tissue nutrient concentrations in the 2nd growing cycle. For both soils, most nutrients analyzed (N, P, K, Mg, Cu and Zn) were within or marginally above optimum ranges for lettuce under biochar amendment. Conclusions:The application of faecal matter biochar enhances yield and tissue nutrient concentrations of lettuce in two contrasting soils, suggesting that faecal matter biochar could be used as an effective fertilizer for lettuce production at least for two growing cycles. Moreover, the conversion of the faecal matter feedstock into charred product may offer additional waste management benefit as it offers an additional (microbiologically safe) product compared to the more common co-composting.

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Characterization of sewage sludge-derived biochars from different feedstocks and pyrolysis temperatures

Cited by 339 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of wheat and Miscanthus straw biochars on soil enzymatic activity, ecotoxicity, and plant yield

Effect of wheat and Miscanthus straw biochars on soil enzymatic activity, ecotoxicity, and plant yield

The Potential Benefits and Limitations of Corn Cob and Sewage Sludge Biochars in an Infertile Oxisol

Effect of biochar derived from faecal matter on yield and nutrient content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in two contrasting soils

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