Characterization of single auditory nerve fibers in response to laser stimulation

Littlefield, Phillip; Izzo, Agnella D.; Mundi, Jagmeet; Walsh, Joseph T.; Jansen, E.; Bendett, Mark; Webb, Jim; Ralph, Heather; Richter, Claus Peter

doi:10.1117/12.768129

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We cannot verify single neuron entrainment from CAPs but the results clearly indicate that it is possible to stimulate auditory neurons with optical stimulation at rates up to 250 Hz. In addition, we have successfully recorded responses of single fibers to infrared radiation previously (Littlefield et al, 2008), which support our results.…”

Section: Dicussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Optical cochlear implants: Evaluation of surgical approach and laser parameters in cats

Rajguru¹,

Matic²,

Robinson³

et al. 2010

Hearing Research

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Previous research has shown that neural stimulation with infrared radiation (IR) is spatially selective and illustrated the potential of IR in stimulating auditory neurons. The present work demonstrates the application of a miniaturized pulsed IR stimulator for chronic implantation in cats, quantifies its efficacy, and short-term safety in stimulating auditory neurons. IR stimulation of the neurons was achieved using an optical fiber inserted through a cochleostomy drilled in the basal turn of the cat cochlea and was characterized by measuring compound action potentials (CAPs). Neurons were stimulated with IR at various pulse durations, radiant exposures, and pulse repetition rates. Pulse durations as short as 50 μs were successful in evoking CAPs in normal as well as deafened cochleae. Continual stimulation was provided at 200 pulses per second, at 200 mW per pulse, and 100 μs pulse duration. Stable CAP amplitudes were observed for up to ten hours of continual IR stimulation. Combined with histological data, the results suggest that pulsed IR stimulation does not lead to detectable acute tissue damage and validate the stimulation parameters that can be used in future chronic implants based on pulsed IR.

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Section: Dicussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Some single auditory neurons have maximum firing rates in the range of 300–400 Hz (Izzo et al, 2007b; Littlefield et al, 2008). In the current experiments, we were able to successfully stimulate cochlear neurons at a sustained rate of 250 Hz.…”

Section: Dicussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical cochlear implants: Evaluation of surgical approach and laser parameters in cats

Rajguru¹,

Matic²,

Robinson³

et al. 2010

Hearing Research

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“…The recordings from low-spontaneous- rate neurons showed on average a firing efficiency of ~40% at 200 Hz laser stimulation rate (Littlefield et al, 2008). …”

Section: Stimulation Of Cranial Nervesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photons and neurons

Richter

Tan

2014

Hearing Research

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Methods to control neural activity by light have been introduced to the field of neuroscience. During the last decade, several techniques have been established, including optogenetics, thermogenetics, and infrared neural stimulation. The techniques allow investigators to turn-on or turn-off neural activity. This review is an attempt to show the importance of the techniques for the auditory field and provide insight in the similarities, overlap, and differences of the techniques. Discussing the mechanism of each of the techniques will shed light on the abilities and challenges for each of the techniques. The field has been grown tremendously and a review cannot be complete. However, efforts are made to summarize the important points and to refer the reader to excellent papers and reviews to specific topics.

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“…CAPs were evoked with each pulse when stimulating at 200 Hz. However, single auditory nerve recordings from low spontaneous rate neurons show, on average, a firing efficiency of ~ 40% at a 200-Hz laser stimulation rate [61]. …”

Section: Neural Stimulation With a Pulsed Infrared Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural stimulation with optical radiation

Richter

Matic

Wells

et al. 2010

Laser & Photonics Reviews

140

151

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This paper reviews the existing research on infrared neural stimulation, a means of artificially stimulating neurons that has been proposed as an alternative to electrical stimulation. Infrared neural stimulation (INS) is defined as the direct induction of an evoked potential in response to a transient targeted deposition of optical energy. The foremost advantage of using optical radiation for neural stimulation is its spatial resolution. Exogenously applied or trans-genetically synthesized fluorophores are not used to achieve stimulation. Here, current work on INS is presented for motor nerves, sensory nerves, central nervous system, and in vitro preparations. A discussion follows addressing the mechanism of INS and its potential use in neuroprostheses. A brief review of neural depolarization involving other optical methods is also presented. Topics covered include optical stimulation concurrent with electrical stimulation, optical stimulation using exogenous fluorophores, and optical stimulation by transgenic induction of light-gated ion channels.

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Characterization of single auditory nerve fibers in response to laser stimulation

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Optical cochlear implants: Evaluation of surgical approach and laser parameters in cats

Optical cochlear implants: Evaluation of surgical approach and laser parameters in cats

Photons and neurons

Neural stimulation with optical radiation

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