“…The development of fluorescence standardization methods involves suitable instrument calibration, validation procedures, and standards for all instrument quantities and parameters that can affect the analyte-specific spectral position, spectral shape, and intensity of measured fluorescence signals. Relevant quantities include the (relative) spectral responsivity of the emission channel, the (relative) spectral irradiance of the excitation beam at the sample, and the accuracy of excitation and emission wavelengths and bandwidths. ,, For this purpose, new spectral fluorescence standards were recently developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST; glass-based reference materials (RMs)) − and the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM, Germany; liquid RMs). ,, The importance of the reliable determination of the spectral responsivity of the detection channel for the comparability of emission spectra and the determination of reliable fluorescence quantum yields encouraged four National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) currently active in the area of high-precision steady-state fluorometry to evaluate the state-of-the-art comparability of corrected fluorescence emission spectra, reported here. For this purpose, different instrument calibration procedures using calibrated physical transfer standards (PTSs), such as standard (calibrated) lamps, detectors, and diffuse reflectors, and easy-to-use, certified, commercially available RMs were assessed.…”