Characterization of strains related to brown ring disease outbreaks in southwestern Spain

Castro, Dolores; Martínez-Manzanares, Eduardo; Luque, A.; Fouz, Belén; Morinigo, M. A.; Borrego, J. J.; Toranzo, A. E.

doi:10.3354/dao014229

Cited by 41 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Other studies (Nozue et al 1992, Dominguez et al 1996, Vogel et al 2000 noted that more than 80% of patients with lower leg ulcers were infected by Shewanella while swimming in water containing the bacterium. Kim et al (1989) (Baticados et al 1990, Myhr 1991, Castro et al 1992, Paillard et al 2004, Xu et al 2005, Slack et al 2006. V. splendidus was the prominent bacterial pathogen associated with oysters when water temperatures were below 20°C (Pujalte et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and genetic characterization of bacteria isolated from diseased cultured sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in northeastern China

Li¹,

Qiao²,

Gu³

et al. 2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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During the winter-spring from 2004 to 2006 in northeastern China cultured Japanese sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus suffered from a serious disease. Clinical signs included swollen mouth, skin ulceration and massive mortality. Clinical samples taken during this period were studied. Thirty-one bacterial samples were isolated from diseased sea cucumbers and identified through biochemical tests, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and PCR amplification, followed by pathogenicity determination. The results showed that the 31 isolates belonged to the genera Vibrio (64.5%), Shewanella (12.9%), Serratia (12.9%), Pseudoalteromonas (6.4%) and Flavobacterium (3.2%). The 3 prominent strains were Vibrio splendidus (41.9%), Shewanella (12.9%) and Serratia odorifera biogroup I (12.9%). Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that 13 out of 31 isolates were pathogenic, including 8 strains of V. splendidus, 3 strains of Shewanella sp. and 2 strains of Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis. The pathogenic V. splendidus showed the highest frequency of appearance. Median lethal dose (LD 50 ) values (14 d) of V. splendidus, Shewanella sp. and P. tetraodonis were 1.74 × 10 7 , 7.76 × 10 6 , 7.24 × 10 7 CFU g -1 body weight of sea cucumber, respectively. The virulences differed by species: Shewanella sp. > V. splendidus > P. tetraodonis. This is the first report of Shewanella sp. virulence in sea cucumber. KEY WORDS: Sea cucumber · Apostichopus japonicus · Bacterial pathogen · Vibrio splendidus · Shewanella sp. · Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 91: [223][224][225][226][227][228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235] 2010 gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) (Becker et al. 2004). Six isolates obtained from the lesions of diseased sea cucumbers were identified as Vibrio sp. but the pathogenicity assays of isolates were not successful (Becker et al. 2004). It is commonly believed that this disease of sea cucumbers is due to bacterial infections; however, the agent that initiates the skin ulcerations has not been identified (Becker et al. 2004). Most of the studies mainly focused on isolation and identification of pathogens.No information is available for the distribution, diversity and appearance of pathogens in cultured sea cucumbers in China. The objective of this study was to carry out a precise characterization of bacterial pathogens responsible for outbreaks that affected cultured sea cucumbers during the winter-spring period from 2004 to 2006 in northeastern China. MATERIALS AND METHODSSampling and processing. Seventy-three sea cucumbers were collected from 11 farms located in the suburbs of Dalian in northeastern China during winterspring from 2004 to 2006 whenever a disease case was reported (Table 1). Three moribund or newly dead sea cucumbers showing disease signs were collected for bacteriologic assays at each sampling time from these areas. All samples were transported to our lab at 4°C within 24 h. The body weights of the sea cucumbers were ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and genetic characterization of bacteria isolated from diseased cultured sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in northeastern China

Li¹,

Qiao²,

Gu³

et al. 2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Paillard et al, 1989;Castro et al, 1992;Paillard, 1992Paillard, , 2004b. This disease was shown to be caused by a Vibrio sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Brown Ring Disease on the energy budget of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Flye-Sainte-Marie

Pouvreau

Paillard

et al. 2007

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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Brown Ring Disease (BRD) is a bacterial disease caused by the pathogen, Vibrio tapetis. The disease induces formation of a brown deposit on inner shell of the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. Development of this disease is correlated with a decrease in the condition index of infected clams. Experiments were conduced in order to assess the effect of the development of BRD on two parameters affecting the energy balance of the clams: the clearance and the respiration rates. Experiments were performed in a physiological measurement system that allowed simultaneous measures of clearance and respiration rates. During both acclimation and measurements clams were fed with cultured T-iso and temperature was close to seasonal field temperature (10 • C). Our results showed that severely diseased clams (conchiolin deposit stage, CDS ≥ 4) are subject to weight loss in comparison to uninfected ones, indicating that BRD induces a desequilibrium in the energy balance. We demonstrated a reduction of the clearance rate of severely diseased clams which led to a decrease in energy acquisition. Respiration rate showed asignificant decrease with BRD symptoms, but evidence in the literature allowed us to hypothesize that energy mobilised for an immune response and lesion repair increases overall organism maintenance costs. Both factors should thus contribute to the degradation of the energy balance of diseased clams. Because effects of BRD on naturally infected clams only appears significant for CDS ≥ 4, when brown ring assumes a significant place on the inner shell, we consider that the Manila clam is tolerant of low disease levels.

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“…However, on the basis of the response to routine biochemical tests, Vibrio group P1 does not match any of the presently described species of the genus Vibrio (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Vibrio tapetis sp. nov., the Causative Agent of the Brown Ring Disease Affecting Cultured Clams

Borrego

Castro

Luque

et al. 1996

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

132

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A taxonomic characterization was carried out on strains of the bacteria that cause the brown ring disease of clams. On the basis of their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, these strains can be considered to constitute a new taxonomic unit, distinct from other Ebrio species. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the strains ranged between 42.9 and 45.5 mol% (43.2 mol% for the proposed type strain). DNA-DNA hybridization studies showed 100% intragroup relatedness, but levels of genetic relatedness to the reference strains of different Ebrio species tested ranged between 15 and 58%. The strains have all the properties characteristic of the genus vibrio and can be clearly differentiated from other species of this genus by their growth at 4°C and their negative responses for growth at 30°C and in 6% NaCl, arginine dehydrolase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, and Voges-Proskauer reaction. The name yibrio tapetis is proposed for the new species; strain B1090 (CECT 4600) is the type strain.Since 1980, the genus Vibrio has been subject to an extensive taxonomic revision, and 15 new species have been described (12,22). At present, the genus Vibrio includes more than 35 species, most of which are of aquatic origin. Some of them have been demonstrated to be pathogenic for aquatic animals, including fish (Vibrio anguillarum, V. alginolyticus, K damsela, K Jischeri, K ordalii, K salmonicida, V. splendidus, and I/: vulniJicus) and shellfish (V. haweyi, K pelagtus, K splendidus, and

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Characterization of strains related to brown ring disease outbreaks in southwestern Spain

Cited by 41 publications

References 12 publications

Phenotypic and genetic characterization of bacteria isolated from diseased cultured sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in northeastern China

Phenotypic and genetic characterization of bacteria isolated from diseased cultured sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in northeastern China

Impact of Brown Ring Disease on the energy budget of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Vibrio tapetis sp. nov., the Causative Agent of the Brown Ring Disease Affecting Cultured Clams

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