Characterization of Sugar Palm Nanocellulose and Its Potential for Reinforcement with a Starch-Based Composite

Ilyas, R. A.; Sapuan, S. M.; Ishak, Mohamad Ridzwan; Zainudin, Edi Syams; Atikah, M.S.N.

doi:10.1201/9780429443923-10

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Along with growing environmental awareness, it has urged the plastic manufacturing industry to look for alternatives and immediate solutions. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] In addition, the implementation of the conventional petroleum-based polymer also created numerous issues such as environmental sustainability and material accessibility. [8][9][10][11][12] In order to cater to this problem, many natural biopolymers were introduced such as starch, polylactic acid (PLA), and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) to be used as a potential candidate to replace the existing conventional plastic in the packaging sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata [Wurmb.] Merr) starch films containing sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose as reinforcement: Water barrier properties

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sugar palm fiber (SPF) is an agro‐waste plant that can be used as potential source of biomass for various biomaterial applications. In this study, sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose (SPNFC) that was isolated from SPF was used as a nanofiller to reinforce sugar palm starch (SPS) to produce bionanocomposites. To attain SPNFCs, SPF was undergo strong acid and alkaline treatments. Later, the SPNFCs were prepared from SPFs via high pressurized homogenization process. The reinforcement of SPNFCs (0‐1.0 wt%) and SPS is done by using solution casting methods. The films were characterized in terms of physical properties such as light transmittance, moisture content, water solubility, and water absorption. The resulting nanocomposites permitted better water resistance, low moisture absorption, and low light transmittance as compared to control SPS film. Adding 1 wt% SPNFCs loading significantly improved the water absorption and water solubility of the composite film by 24.13% and 18.60%, respectively, compared with the control SPS film. This was attributed to the high compatibility between the SPNFCs and SPS matrixes, which composed of the multi‐hydroxyl polymer having three hydroxyl groups per monomer. Thus, this study is to show the potential of SPS/SPNFCs nanocomposite films in packaging industries.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata [Wurmb.] Merr) starch films containing sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose as reinforcement: Water barrier properties

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, to overcome these problems, various chemical and physical treatments have been employed, including blending PS with other synthetic polymers, chemical modification, graft copolymerization, and incorporating fillers, such as lignin, cellulose and nanocellulose and fibers (i.e. sugar palm fiber) [6][7][8][9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation and physical properties of sugar palm starch/sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose bionanocomposite

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper aims to study the degradation rate of sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose (SPNFCs) and sugar palm starch (SPS). SPNFCs were isolated from sugar palm fiber, while SPS is extracted from sugar palm trunk. The SPNFCs were reinforced with SPS biopolymer as biodegradable reinforcement materials of different diameter/length based on the number of passes of high pressurize homogenization process (5, 10 and 15 passes represented by SPS/SPNFCs-5, SPS/SPNFCs-10, and SPS/SPNFCs-15). These SPNFCs were incorporated into SPS plasticized with glycerol and sorbitol via solution casting method. Soil burial experiment performed on SPS and SPS/SPNFCs bionanocomposites showed that SPS was degraded more rapidly by losing 85.76% of its mass in 9 days compared to 69.89% by SPS/SPNFCs-15 bionanocomposite. The high compatibility between SPNFCs nanofiber and SPS biopolymer matrices can be observed through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Degradacja i właściwości fizyczne bionanokompozytów skrobi palmy cukrowej wzmocnionej nanowłóknami celulozowymi tej palmyStreszczenie: Zbadano szybkość degradacji nanowłóknistej celulozy wyizolowanej z palmy cukrowej (Arenga pinnata) (SPNFCs) oraz skrobi wydzielonej przez ekstrakcję z rdzenia pnia tej palmy (SPS). SPNFCs uzyskiwano z włókien palmy cukrowej, poddawanych homogenizacji pod wysokim ciśnieniem w 5, 10 lub 15 cyklach, otrzymując nanowłókna celulozy o różnej długości i średnicy. SPNFCs wprowadzano do SPS uplastycznionego mieszaniną (1 : 1) glicerolu i sorbitolu. Metodą odlewania z roztworu wytwarzano błony nanokompozytowe SPS/SPNFCs-5, SPS/SPNFCs-10 i SPS/SPNFCs-15. Test glebowy procesu biodegradacji wykazał, że SPS ulegało szybszej degradacji, tracąc 85,76% swojej masy w ciągu 9 dni, w porównaniu z ubytkiem masy 69,89% w wypadku bionanokompozytu SPS/SPNFCs-15. Na podstawie analizy metodą skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej z emisją polową (FE-SEM) stwierdzono dużą kompatybilność między nanowłóknami SPNFCs i biopolimerową osnową SPS.Słowa kluczowe: palma cukrowa, homogenizacja wysokociśnieniowa, nanowłóknista celuloza, nanokompozyty, degradacja w glebie.Nowadays, total biodegradable green composite or biocomposite, which are made up of natural matrices and natural fibers, have attracted many researchers for the advantages they offer. The major factors contributing to the increase of interest include the rise in petroleum prices and the inevitable environmental pollution contrib-1)

show abstract

“…The high chemical reactivity of the surface makes NCC customizable for various applications, besides their heat stability which allows high-temperature applications. Moreover, they also have huge surface OH groups which provide active sites for hydrogen bonding through the interlocking with nonpolar matrix [4,7,10,45,46]. Nanocrystalline cellulose can be isolated from cellulose as shown in Figure 4.…”

Section: Nanocrystalline Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 5 shows the sources, pretreatments, synthesis, and application of nanocrystalline cellulose. It is good to know that appropriate pretreatments of cellulosic fibers promote the accessibility of hydroxyl group, alter crystallinity, increase the inner surface, and break cellulose hydrogen bonds and hence improved the reactivity of the fibers [6,7,10]. Several approaches to diminish cellulosic fibers into nanofibers can be divided into several techniques such as acid hydrolysis, alkali treatment, mechanical treatments, and combination of mechanical and chemical treatments.…”

Section: Processes Of Nanocrystalline Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the past decades, huge efforts have been made to improve new chemicals and/or materials and replace broadly used petroleum-based products by utilizing biomass renewable feedstock [1][2][3]. Biocompatible composites and biodegradable plastics produced from biorenewable resources are regarded as promising biomaterials that could replace petrochemical-based polymers and hence reduce global dependence on nonrenewable sources (i.e., fossil fuels: coal, petroleum, and natural gas) and provide simplified recycling or end-of-life disposal [4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Production, Processes and Modification of Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Agro-Waste: A Review

Ilyas¹,

Sapuan²,

Ibrahim³

et al. 2020

Nanocrystalline Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nanocrystalline cellulose is a renewable nanomaterial that has gained huge attention for its use in various applications from advanced biomedical material to food packaging material due to its exceptional physical and biological properties, such as high crystallinity degree, large specific surface area, high aspect ratio, high thermal resistance, good mechanical properties, abundance of surface hydroxyl groups, low toxicity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. However, they still have drawbacks: (1) sources of raw materials and its utilization in the production of nanocomposites and (2) high chemical and energy consumption regarding the isolation of macro-sized fibers to nano-sized fibers. The incorporation of hydrophilic nanocrystalline cellulose within hydrophobic polymer limits the dispersion of nano-sized fibers, thus resulting in low mechanical properties of nanocomposites. Hence, surface modification on nano-sized fiber could be a solution to this problem. This review focuses on the advanced developments in pretreatment, nanocrystalline production and modifications, and its application in food packaging, biomedical materials, pharmaceutical, substitution biomaterials, drug excipient, drug delivery automotive, and nanopaper applications.

show abstract

Characterization of Sugar Palm Nanocellulose and Its Potential for Reinforcement with a Starch-Based Composite

Cited by 33 publications

References 78 publications

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata [Wurmb.] Merr) starch films containing sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose as reinforcement: Water barrier properties

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata [Wurmb.] Merr) starch films containing sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose as reinforcement: Water barrier properties

Degradation and physical properties of sugar palm starch/sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose bionanocomposite

Production, Processes and Modification of Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Agro-Waste: A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About