Characterization of Sweet Almond Oil Content of Four European Cultivars (Ferragnes, Ferraduel, Fournat, and Marcona) Recently Introduced in Morocco

Abstract

This study concerns the characterization of oil content and quality indices for almond cultivars (Marcona (Mr), Fournat (Fn), Ferragnes (Fg), and Ferraduel (Fd)) recently introduced into marginal agricultural areas in eastern Morocco. These verities are known for their rusticity and late flowering stage. The analyzed almond oils showed low acidity and peroxide values ranging, respectively, from 0.32 to 0.36% and 1.88 to 3.18 meq O2/kg. Fatty acid (FA) profile revealed a predominance of the unsaturated FA represented essentially by the oleic (56.64–64.03%) and linoleic FA (24.57–29.80%). Triacylglycerol (TAG) analysis allowed the determination of eleven species with a remarkable dominance of trioleylglycerol (OOO: 30%) and dioleyllinoleoylglcerol (OOL: 27.25%). Regarding the minor compounds, the results showed that the total phenol content ranges between 85.33 and 141.66 mg/kg. Concerning the tocopherol content, the studied oils showed richness in these secondary metabolites (408.99–491.77 mg/kg) with a dominance of α-tocopherol. In comparison to their homologues in the Mediterranean area, the evaluated almond oils demonstrated a slight superiority in terms of quality, in particular, to those produced in Spain.

Effect of different extraction methods on yield and quality of araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.) seed oil

“…According to Codex Alimentarius (2017), the parameters of quality of vegetable oils recommend that the peroxide index is the maximum 15 mEq of active oxygen/kg of virgin oil and the acidity index is the maximum of 2% AGL of oleic acid for oils unrefined. The peroxide index indicates the beginning of the oxidation of oils and fats, which are the primary lipid oxidation products (Melhaoui et al, 2021;Shahidi & Zhong, 2010;Zhang et al, 2023). The araticum seed oils, extracted by different methods, are below the limit established by Codex (2.67 ± 0.38 to 12 ± 0.15 mEq/kg), indicating efficient extraction quality in both methods used.…”

Effects of Baru Almond Oil (Dipteryx alata Vog.) Treatment on Thrombotic Processes, Platelet Aggregation, and Vascular Function in Aorta Arteries

“…Regarding tocopherol contents, we have found 28.9 mg/kg of tocopherols in Baru oil, In fact, the tocopherol content is low when compared to other almond oils, such as Fournat, Ferraduel, and Ferragnes [ 25 ]. Although it is not possible to state the reason for this difference, a recent study demonstrated that the conditions of Baru oil extraction could interfere with tocopherol contents [ 26 ].…”

Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Prunus dulcis Blossoms and the Antioxidant Compounds of Their Extracted Oil Using Green Extraction Method

“…According to the results, it was found that PDBO contains 51.86 ± 3.97 mg GAE/kg TPC. The oil extracted from the almond nut of Prunus dulcis contains 85.33-141.66 mg/kg TPC [58], while almond as a nut contains 392.00-11,030.50 mg/kg TPC [59]. Noteworthy is that almond polyphenols are mostly found in the skin, with values ranging from 9100.00 to 32,100.00 mg/kg TPC [60].…”