Characterization of talc/calcium carbonate filled polypropylene hybrid composites weathered in a natural environment

Leong, Yew Wei; Bakar, M. Abu; Ishak, Z. A. Mohd; Ariffin, A.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2003.08.004

Cited by 91 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…From the table, it is observed that the tensile strength slightly increased with increasing mica filler loadings. Plates of mica are normally referred to as a reinforcing filler, and therefore the addition of mica results in tensile strength which is better than that of silica-filled PP composites [22]. Table 4 also clearly shows that the Young's modulus of the composites increased with increasing mica loadings.…”

Section: Characterization Of Compositesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of single‐mineral filler and hybrid‐mineral filler additives on the properties of polypropylene composites

Nurdina

Mariatti

Palaniandy

2009

Vinyl Additive Technology

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The present study was carried out to determine the filler characteristics and to investigate the effects of three types of mineral fillers (CaCO 3 , silica, and mica) and filler loadings (10-40 wt%) on the properties of polypropylene (PP) composites. The characteristics of the particulate fillers, such as mean particle size, particle size distribution, aspect ratio, shape, and degree of crystallinity were identified. In terms of mechanical properties, for all of the filled PP composites, Young's modulus increased, whereas tensile strength and strain at break decreased as the filler loading increased. However, 10 wt% of mica in a PP composite showed a tensile strength comparable with that of unfilled PP. Greater tensile strength of mica/PP composites compared to that of the other composites was observed because of lower percentages of voids and a higher aspect ratio of the filler. Mica/PP also exhibited a lower coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) compared to that of the other composites. This difference was due to a lower degree of crystallinity of the filler and the CTE value of the mica filler. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the structure of fracture surfaces, and there was a gradual change in tensile fracture behavior from ductile to brittle as the filler loading increased. The nucleating ability of the fillers was studied with differential scanning calorimetry, and a drop in crystallinity of the composites was observed with the addition of mineral filler. Studies on the hybridization effect of different (silica and mica) filler ratios on the properties of PP hybrid composites showed that the addition of mica to silica-PP composites enhanced their tensile strength and modulus. J. VINYL

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Section: Characterization Of Compositesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of single‐mineral filler and hybrid‐mineral filler additives on the properties of polypropylene composites

Nurdina

Mariatti

Palaniandy

2009

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Contudo, esse mesmo tipo de aditivo impediu a formação de reticulações em estágios iniciais de fotodegradação quando inserido em matriz de PEAD, neste caso através de um impedimento físico [9] . Já tem sido mostrado também que a introdução de cargas minerais retarda o processo fotodegradativo do compósito, como o da mistura de talco e carbonato de cálcio numa matriz de polipropileno (PP) [10] .Poucos são os artigos publicados nacional e internacionalmente que se dedicam a estudar o comportamento fotodegradativo dos compósitos poliméricos. Dentre eles encontram-se artigos sobre a fotodegradação dos nanocompósitos PP/MMT e PS/MMT [11][12][13] .…”

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Fotodegradação de compósitos de poliestireno/argila montmorilonita: efeito do tipo de argila e presença de sal

et al. 2012

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Resumo:Compósitos de poliestireno/montmorilonita (PS/MMT) contendo 2,5% em peso de argila foram preparados com dois tipos de argila modificada com sais quaternários de amônio. Também foram preparadas amostras do PS + sal quaternário de amônio, utilizando-se proporção de sal semelhante à usada na modificação da argila. Todas as amostras foram expostas à radiação UV por períodos de até 12 semanas, e em seguida foram realizados testes para avaliar as modificações em massa molar, propriedades mecânicas (tração e impacto), estrutura química (FTIR) e superfície de fratura (MEV) dessas amostras. Os resultados mostraram que compostos metálicos existentes na argila catalisam o processo fotodegradativo do PS e a presença isolada do sal não altera significativamente o comportamento do PS frente à radiação UV. Palavras-chave: Poliestireno, montmorilonita, nanocompósito, fotodegradação. Photodegradation of Polystyrene/Montmorillonite Clay: The Effect of the Type of Clay and Presence of SaltAbstract: Composites of polystyrene/montmorillonite (PS/MMT) containing 2.5 wt. (%) clay were prepared with two types of clays modified with quaternary ammonium salts. Were also prepared samples of PS + quaternary ammonium salt, using the same amount employed in modifying the clay. All samples were exposed to UV radiation for up to 12 weeks, and then tests were conducted to evaluate the changes in molecular weight, mechanical properties (tensile and impact), chemical structure (FTIR) and fracture surface (SEM) of these samples. The results showed that metal compounds existing in clay catalyzes the photodegradation process of PS and the presence of salt alone does not significantly alter the behavior of PS under UV. Keywords: Polystyrene, montmorillonite, nanocomposite, photodegradation. IntroduçãoSob ação da radiação solar, os materiais poliméricos sofrem uma série de reações químicas oxidativas que levam à degradação do material, com consequências como: fragilização mecânica, perda de brilho, alteração na cor, formação de fissuras e perda de transparência. Além da redução na massa molar, várias mudanças químicas ocorrem nas moléculas durante a exposição à radiação UV, levando à formação de novos grupos químicos [1,2] . A durabilidade de materiais poliméricos depende não apenas da quantidade de degradação química presente, mas também de aspectos como a profundidade da degradação, deterioração superficial e presença de estabilizantes [3][4][5][6] .Apesar de os mecanismos de fotodegradação da maioria dos polímeros serem bem estabelecidos, o comportamento dos compósitos poliméricos frente à radiação UV ainda é um campo a ser explorado. A principal razão para isso é a grande complexidade das interações entre os componentes e seus respectivos produtos oriundos da degradação. Estudos de fotodegradação de compósitos poliméricos mostram que alguns componentes retardam, mas também podem acelerar o processo degradativo do outro componente. Um exemplo é o efeito fotodeteriorativo ao se inserir fibra ou pó de madeira em uma matriz de PVC rígido [7,8]...

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“…It occurs due to the replacement of polymer matrix by stiffer particulate filler, which improves the overall composites modulus. The increase of the modulus is also due to the fact that the deformation and mobilization of matrix were restricted by the present of particulate filler that introducing a mechanical restraint [20,21] . Incorporating PP-g-MAH compatibilizer into the PKS reinforced PP biocomposites shows not much improvement of Young's modulus at low filler content.…”

Section: Mechanical Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possible reason for this kind of behavior may be attributed to the fact that the restricted deformation of the PKS is generally greater than PP matrix, which restricted the deformation of overall composites. According to Leong et al [20] , the nature of PKS of having a high rigidity may change the mode of failure of the PP matrix from ductile to almost brittle behavior. From Figure 3, the addition of PP-g-MAH and PP-POSS improved the elongation at break of PKS reinforced PP biocomposites.…”

Section: Mechanical Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of polypropylene methyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and polypropylene-grafted maleic anhydride compatibilizers on the properties of palm kernel shell reinforced polypropylene biocomposites

et al. 2016

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SbstractThe effects of the polypropylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) and polypropylene methyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (PP-POSS) compatibilizers on the mechanical, thermal and physical properties of palm kernel shell (PKS) reinforced polypropylene (PP) were investigated. The production of PP/PKS biocomposites was performed by melt mixing using Brabender Internal Mixer. Mechanical test results showed that the biocomposites with PP-g-MAH have better tensile strength compared to biocomposites with or without PP-POSS. The results also showed an increase in the tensile strength and elongation at break when compatibilizers were added. Polypropylene-grafted maleic anhydride improved the Young's modulus of the biocomposites, but PP-POSS reduced it. Moreoever, adding compatibilizers in biocomposites reduced the water absorption of the biocomposites. The compatibilizers improved the nucleating ability of filler in the composites. The PP-g-MAH compatibilizer provided better performance in improving nucleating ability to biocomposites compared to PP-POSS.

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Characterization of talc/calcium carbonate filled polypropylene hybrid composites weathered in a natural environment

Cited by 91 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of single‐mineral filler and hybrid‐mineral filler additives on the properties of polypropylene composites

Effect of single‐mineral filler and hybrid‐mineral filler additives on the properties of polypropylene composites

Fotodegradação de compósitos de poliestireno/argila montmorilonita: efeito do tipo de argila e presença de sal

Effects of polypropylene methyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and polypropylene-grafted maleic anhydride compatibilizers on the properties of palm kernel shell reinforced polypropylene biocomposites

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