Characterization of the Ageing of Plasma-deposited Polymer Films: Global Analysis of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Data

Gengenbach, Thomas R.; Chatelier, Ronald C.; Griesser, Hans J.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9918(199604)24:4<271::aid-sia116>3.0.co;2-j

Cited by 168 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For example, the density of primary amine functions grafted on a polymer surface via plasma treatment can decrease by more than 50% with time [52] due to post-plasma oxidation that converts amines into amides [53] and due to an important thermodynamically driven reorientation of amine functions into the polymer bulk [50]. It was thus important to verify if primary amines grafted on CNTs can undergo this ageing process.…”

Section: Stability Of Primary Amines Grafted On Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Grafting of Primary Amines onto Carbon Nanotubes via Free-Radical Treatment in Microwave Plasma Post-Discharge

et al. 2012

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Abstract:A novel strategy to graft functional groups at the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is discussed. Aiming at grafting nitrogen containing groups, and more specifically primary amine covalent functionalization, CNTs were exposed under atomic nitrogen flow arising from an Ar + N 2 microwave plasma. The primary amine functions were identified and quantified through chemical derivatization with 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde and characterized through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The increase of the selectivity in the primary amines grafting onto CNTs, up to 66.7% for treatment of CNT powder, was performed via the reduction of post-treatment oxygen contamination and the addition of hydrogen in the experimental set-up, more particularly in the plasma post-discharge chamber. The analyses of nitrogenated and primary amine functions grafting on the CNT surface suggest that atomic nitrogen (N•) and reduced nitrogen species (NH• and NH 2 •) react preferentially with defect sites of CNTs and, then, only atomic nitrogen continues to react on the CNT surface, creating defects. OPEN ACCESSPolymers 2012, 4 297

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Section: Stability Of Primary Amines Grafted On Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Grafting of Primary Amines onto Carbon Nanotubes via Free-Radical Treatment in Microwave Plasma Post-Discharge

et al. 2012

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“…This difference arises because the CW mode plasma with continuous and higher energy inputs supports the dissociation and further reaction of freshly formed amine to form amide and imine in the presence of O and C impurities. While the P mode, with its off-time and lower energy input, can retain more amine [46,47]. Though the energy input of 10CW (1000 W min) is much higher than that of 5CW+10P (600 W min), the total amount of functional groups introduced by 10CW is only slightly higher than that by 5CW+10P ( Figure 6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Surface wetting processing on BNNT films by selective plasma modes

Liu

Dai

et al. 2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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The wettability of boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) films was modified using a combination of pulsed and continuous wave (CW) mode plasma. The combined mode effectively modified the wettability of BNNT films and kept the nanostructures intact. The BNNT films changed from superhydrophobic to superhydrophilic after combined mode treatment at 600 W min. In contrast, the contact angle controllable decreased linearly in a controllable way with increasing energy input before eventually becoming superhydrophilic after 1000 W min of CW mode treatment. A high concentration of graft functional groups formed, along with point defects. More point defects formed when using combined modes and higher energy input. Mainly amine functional groups were grafted by combined mode plasma, while the CW mode plasma led to more formation of amide and imine on the BNNTs. Research into controllable wettability and selection of grafted functional groups should enable promising applications of BNNTs in composites and biology in the future. boron nitride nanotube, wettability, plasma Citation:Li L, Liu X W, Dai X J J, et al. Surface wetting processing on BNNT films by selective plasma modes.

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“…Peak fitting of the high-resolution spectrum of the N 1s peak confirms the addition of different nitrogen functionalities to the surface during plasma treatment. The assignments of the different nitrogen groups under the N 1s peak found in literature are: amines (398.9-399.3 eV) [32,51,52], nitriles (399.6 eV) [53], amides (399.8 eV) [32,[51][52][53], imides (400.5 eV) [32,[51][52][53] and quaternary amines (401.3-401.5 eV) [52][53][54]. Moreover, in the peak fitting of C 1s in amine plasma deposited films two additional peaks might be observed: 286.4 eV corresponding to C-N (amine) and 288.0 eV corresponding to N-C=O (amide) groups [45,55].…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Xps)mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Amine-functionalized surfaces have previously been obtained through plasma polymerization using different monomers such as allylamine [27,28], ethylenediamine [29][30][31], n-heptylamine [32,33], propylamine [34,35], cyclopropylamine [18], diaminocyclohexane [36,37], and butylamine [26].…”

Section: Plasma Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%