Characterization of the antibiotic resistance plasmid ERL1 from Streptococcus pyogenes

Malke, Horst; Jacob, H.‐E.; Störl, K.

doi:10.1007/bf00341732

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The molecular sizes of the plasmids in M439 and M403 differ from those found for drug resistance plasmids in other streptococci (4,5,6,14,17). The conjugative Em resistance plasmids studied here exhibit coresistance to macrolides other than Em and to lincomycin, clindamycin, factor S of virginiamycin, and pristinamycin Ia.…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 51%

Drug Resistance in Group D Streptococci of Clinical and Nonclinical Origin: Prevalence, Transferability, and Plasmid Properties

Embden

Engel

Klingeren

1977

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Group D streptococci isolated from clinical specimens and from sewage were investigated with regard to resistance to tetracycline (Tc), erythromycin (Em), and chloramphenicol (Cm). The median values of the percentages of resistant strains from sewage were: for Tc, 14%; for Em, 2.8%; and for Cm, 0.1%. For the recent isolates of clinical origin, resistance percentages found were 58% for Tc, 12% for Em, and 14% for Cm, and, in comparison to clinical isolates from 1964, the incidence of drug resistance slightly increased. In strains of both sources, the drug resistance was often found to be transferable to another group D streptococcus, probably by conjugation. Two strains were able to transfer their Em resistance to a streptococcus strain of group B. No transfer of drug resistance to a group A streptococcus and Escherichia coli was observed. All beta-hemolytic streptococci were also bacteriocinogenic, and frequently these properties were found to be transferable. The function, size, and base composition of the plasmids of two drug-resistant Streptococcus faecalis strains were investigated; strain M439 harbors at least two conjugative plasmids: pRI401, molecular weight 30 × 10 6 , coding for Tc resistance, and pRI402, molecular weight 41 × 10 6 , coding for Em resistance. Strain M403 carries one single conjugative plasmid species, coding for Tc resistance. The molecular weight of this plasmid, pRI404, was 37 × 10 6 . The guanine plus cytosine content of these plasmids was 35 to 36%.

show abstract

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 51%

Drug Resistance in Group D Streptococci of Clinical and Nonclinical Origin: Prevalence, Transferability, and Plasmid Properties

Embden

Engel

Klingeren

1977

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In several cases, the molecular masses of these plasmids are similar, with plasmid DNA being of a size of approximately 17 megadaltons (6,9,13,26). In one case we showed that plasmid pAM,8l from S. faecalis strain DS-5 was approximately 95% homologous with a plasmid of similar size in S. pyogenes strain AC-1 (36 …”

mentioning

confidence: 70%

Characterization of a Small Plasmid Determining Resistance to Erythromycin, Lincomycin, and Vernamycin B _α in a Strain of Streptococcus sanguis Isolated from Dental Plaque

Yagi

McLellan

Frez

et al. 1978

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A plasmid determining resistance to erythromycin (inducible), lincomycin, and vernamycin B α was isolated from a strain of Streptococcus sanguis isolated from dental plaque of a patient who had been on erythromycin therapy for an extended period of time. The plasmid, designated pAM77, had a molecular weight of 4.5 × 10 6 and was present to the extent of one to two copies per bacterial chromosome. The plasmid could transform S. sanguis strain Challis.

show abstract

“…Strain H46A cells were lysed with mutanolysin (Dainippon Pharmaceutical, Osaka, Japan), and chromosomal DNA was treated with phenol and further purified by CsCl density gradient centrifugation (18). The average size of this DNA was 50 kilobases (kb).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptokinase: cloning, expression, and excretion by Escherichia coli.

Malke¹,

Ferretti²

1984

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genomic DNA from Streptococcus equisimilis strain H46A was cloned in Escherichia coli by using the bacteriophage X replacement vector L47 and an in vitro packaging system. A casein/plasminogen overlay technique was used to screen the phage bank for recombinants carrying the streptokinase gene (skc). The gene was present with a frequency of 1 in 836 recombinants, and 10 independent clones containing skc were isolated and physically characterized. One recombinant clone was used to subclone skc in E. coli plasmid vectors. Plasmid pMF2 [10.4 kilobases (kb)] consisting of pACYC184 with a 6.4-kb H46A DNA fragment in the EcoRI site and pMF5 (6.9 kb) carrying a 2.5-kb fragment in the Pst I site of pBR322 were among the recombinant plasmids determining streptokinase production in three different E. coli host strains. Expression of skc was independent of its orientation in either vector, indicating that its own promoter was present and functional in E. coli. However, expression in pBR322 was more efficient in one orientation than in the other, suggesting that one or both of the bla gene promoters contributed to skc expression. Several lines of evidence, including proof obtained by the immunodiffusion technique, established the identity of E. coli streptokinase. Testing cell-free culture supernatant fluids, osmotic shock fluids, and sonicates of osmotically shocked cells for streptokinase activity revealed the substance to be present in all three principal locations, indicating that E. coli cells were capable of releasing substantial amounts of streptokinase into the culture medium.Streptokinases are a well-defined group of proteins exported by many strains of hemolytic streptococci to the growth medium. They interact stoichiometrically with the enzymatically inert plasma plasminogen to yield the active enzyme plasmin. The plasmin so formed then degrades, by limited proteolysis, the fibrin network to form soluble products (1, 2). Although, unlike other plasminogen activators, streptokinases are not proteases, the recently determined amino acid sequence of one streptokinase species revealed homology to the sequences of bovine trypsin and Streptomyces griseus proteases, suggesting that it evolved from a seine protease (3).The role of streptokinases in the pathogenicity of streptococci is unclear. Potentially, these substances may be determinants of virulence that contribute to the invasiveness of the organisms by preventing the formation of fibrin barriers around infectious lesions. Physical and immunological differences, paralleled by differences in substrate specificity, testify to the molecular heterogeneity of streptokinases from different sources (4, 5). Although these proteins are closely related in function, the genetic basis of their heterogeneity is unknown. To achieve a better understanding of the genetic aspects of this important streptococcal product, we have undertaken to clone a streptokinase gene from a group C Streptococcus and report here its expression in Escherichia coli. Besides providing approach...

show abstract

Characterization of the antibiotic resistance plasmid ERL1 from Streptococcus pyogenes

Cited by 30 publications

References 22 publications

Drug Resistance in Group D Streptococci of Clinical and Nonclinical Origin: Prevalence, Transferability, and Plasmid Properties

Drug Resistance in Group D Streptococci of Clinical and Nonclinical Origin: Prevalence, Transferability, and Plasmid Properties

Characterization of a Small Plasmid Determining Resistance to Erythromycin, Lincomycin, and Vernamycin B _α in a Strain of Streptococcus sanguis Isolated from Dental Plaque

Streptokinase: cloning, expression, and excretion by Escherichia coli.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Characterization of the antibiotic resistance plasmid ERL1 from Streptococcus pyogenes

Cited by 30 publications

References 22 publications

Drug Resistance in Group D Streptococci of Clinical and Nonclinical Origin: Prevalence, Transferability, and Plasmid Properties

Drug Resistance in Group D Streptococci of Clinical and Nonclinical Origin: Prevalence, Transferability, and Plasmid Properties

Characterization of a Small Plasmid Determining Resistance to Erythromycin, Lincomycin, and Vernamycin B α in a Strain of Streptococcus sanguis Isolated from Dental Plaque

Streptokinase: cloning, expression, and excretion by Escherichia coli.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Characterization of a Small Plasmid Determining Resistance to Erythromycin, Lincomycin, and Vernamycin B _α in a Strain of Streptococcus sanguis Isolated from Dental Plaque