Characterization of the Apolipoprotein AI and CIII Genes in the Domestic Pig

Birchbauer, Andrea; Knipping, Gabriele; Juritsch, Birgit; Aschauer, Harald; Zechner, Rudolf

doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1119

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…1). In addition to its homology to other NF-xB elements, the human C3N1 sequence is highly conserved in the apo CIII promoters from mouse, rat and pig (20,27,28).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apo CIII gene transcription is regulated by a cytokine inducible NF-χB element

et al. 1994

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Overproduction of Apo CIII causes elevated plasma triglyceride levels in transgenic animals and is associated with hypertriglyceridemia in humans. The regulation of apo CIII production is likely to play an important role in controlling plasma triglyceride levels. As an initial step in determining the role of transcriptional regulation in the production of apo CIII and in triglyceride metabolism, we have begun to characterize the activity of specific transcriptional regulatory elements in the CIII promoter. In the current study, we have identified and characterized an NF-kappa B regulatory element located 150 nucleotides upstream from the transcriptional start site of the apo CIII gene. Purified NF-kappa B, as well as an NF-kappa B protein in HepG2 cell nuclear extracts, bound specifically to this sequence element. The hepatic protein was induced by phorbol ester (PMA), and reacted with antibodies to the p50 and p65 subunits of NF-kappa B. The NF-kappa B element conferred PMA and IL1-beta inducible transcriptional activity to a heterologous promoter/reporter construct when transfected into HepG2 cells. Analysis of the full length CIII promoter demonstrated that the inducible activity of the NF-kappa B element was suppressed by sequences in the apo CIII enhancer element located approximately 500 nucleotides upstream of the NF-kappa B binding site. A deletion removing the enhancer restored the PMA inducible activity of the NF-kappa B binding site. These results indicate that apo CIII gene expression is regulated by NF-kappa B, and suggest that apo CIII production may be modulated by cellular signals, like inflammatory cytokines, that activate NF-kB.

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“…1). In addition to its homology to other NF-xB elements, the human C3N1 sequence is highly conserved in the apo CIII promoters from mouse, rat and pig (20,27,28).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apo CIII gene transcription is regulated by a cytokine inducible NF-χB element

et al. 1994

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“…They are known as the main protein components of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and act as cofactors for the lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). LCAT is an enzyme responsible for the production of cholesteryl esters, which are transported into the core of HDL particles, and this in turn causes their functional maturation (Birchbauer et al 1993). In contrast, supplementation of the human diet with short-chain FOS for 4 weeks did not affect the concentration of serum apo A-I (Luo et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Differentially expressed proteins in the blood serum of piglets in response to a diet supplemented with inulin

Herosimczyk¹,

Lepczyński²,

Ożgo³

et al. 2015

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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In the present study we introduced a two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry-based proteomic workflow to identify proteins that show altered expression as a result of the addition of 2% of water extract of inulin-type fructans to the diet of growing piglets. This analysis allowed us to detect an average of 240 spots per gel with a mass range from 10 to 250 kDa and a pH ranging from 3 to 10. Twenty protein spots were found to show statistically significant differences in their expression. Of these, 7 protein spots were up-regulated, whereas 13 showed down-regulation in response to the experimental diet. In total, 13 spots were identified, representing 8 distinct gene products. The experimental diet caused a significant change in proteins directly or indirectly involved in hemostasis and the innate immune response. Increased levels of fibrinogen along with decreased plasminogen expression may indicate that a fructan-rich diet favours the deposits of fibrin and promotes blood clotting. We also found increased expression of vitronectin and the alpha subunit of the complement component C8 which may protect the host organism against excessive cytolitic activity of the activated complement. The piglets from the experimental group had slightly increased values of IgG and IgA, whereas the IgM level tended to be decreased. The fructan-rich diet did not have any influence on plasma total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

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“…ApoAI is a protein involved in HDL metabolism. This protein serves as a cofactor for lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase and participates in HDL maturation process (Birchbauer et al., ). In the present study, we showed a significant increase in hepatic ApoAI expression induced by the T2 diet, whereas the expression level of this protein was only slightly increased in the animals fed with the T1 diet when compared to the control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary chicory root and chicory inulin trigger changes in energetic metabolism, stress prevention and cytoskeletal proteins in the liver of growing pigs – a proteomic study

Lepczyński

Herosimczyk

Ożgo

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Currently, a wide array of plant preparations exerting health-promoting properties are commonly used as feed additives. Among them, Cichorium intybus L. have gained considerable attention as a source of compounds showing prebiotic character. Large body of evidence suggests that products of prebiotic fermentation (short-chain fatty acids) may influence the expression of genes encoding liver enzymes involved in the regulation of energetic metabolism. Given the above, the present study was aimed at estimating the influence of a diet supplemented with chicory root or water extract of chicory inulin on liver proteome in growing pigs. The study was performed on 24 castrated male piglets (PIC × Penarlan P76). Animals were assigned to three equal groups (n = 8) and fed cereal-based isoenergetic diets: control and supplemented with 2% of inulin extract from chicory root or 4% of dried chicory root. Liver proteins were separated using two-dimensional electrophoresis, followed by the identification of statistically valid protein spots with the aid of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Both experimental factors significantly modulated the expression of liver proteins associated with energetic metabolism, particularly those involved in cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism. Additionally, both dietary additives induced increased expression of proteins involved in hepatocyte protection against oxidative stress. In the present study, we have shown for the first time that diet supplementation with dried chicory root or inulin caused significant changes in the expression of liver cytoskeletal proteins. Close attention should be paid to the downregulation of cytokeratin 18, hepatic acute phase protein that can enhance the anti-inflammatory properties of inulin-type fructans.

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Characterization of the Apolipoprotein AI and CIII Genes in the Domestic Pig

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Apo CIII gene transcription is regulated by a cytokine inducible NF-χB element

Apo CIII gene transcription is regulated by a cytokine inducible NF-χB element

Differentially expressed proteins in the blood serum of piglets in response to a diet supplemented with inulin

Dietary chicory root and chicory inulin trigger changes in energetic metabolism, stress prevention and cytoskeletal proteins in the liver of growing pigs – a proteomic study

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