Characterization of the Interface of Heat-pressed Glass–Ceramic Masses on Metal Support Cr–Co in Metal–Ceramic Prosthetic Restorations

Galiatsatos, P.; Galiatsatos, Aristidis; Phillipatos, Gerasimos

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3078

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“… 61 This solution can be applied directly on a dental core fabricated by metal, called PFM, or another ceramic core, such as zirconia or lithium disilicate. 62 The porcelain layer is heated slowly to evaporate the binder and to coalesce the particle to form a dense part, and then it is cooled slowly to prevent cracking and crazing. 61 …”

Section: All Ceramicmentioning

confidence: 99%

An engineering perspective of ceramics applied in dental reconstructions

et al. 2023

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The demands for dental materials continue to grow, driven by the desire to reach a better performance than currently achieved by the available materials. In the dental restorative ceramic field, the structures evolved from the metal-ceramic systems to highly translucent multilayered zirconia, aiming not only for tailored mechanical properties but also for the aesthetics to mimic natural teeth. Ceramics are widely used in prosthetic dentistry due to their attractive clinical properties, including high strength, biocompatibility, chemical stability, and a good combination of optical properties. Metal-ceramics type has always been the golden standard of dental reconstruction. However, this system lacks aesthetic aspects. For this reason, efforts are made to develop materials that met both the mechanical features necessary for the safe performance of the restoration as well as the aesthetic aspects, aiming for a beautiful smile. In this field, glass and high-strength core ceramics have been highly investigated for applications in dental restoration due to their excellent combination of mechanical properties and translucency. However, since these are recent materials when compared with the metal-ceramic system, many studies are still required to guarantee the quality and longevity of these systems. Therefore, a background on available dental materials properties is a starting point to provoke a discussion on the development of potential alternatives to rehabilitate lost hard and soft tissue structures with ceramic-based tooth and implant-supported reconstructions. This review aims to bring the most recent materials research of the two major categories of ceramic restorations: ceramic-metal system and all-ceramic restorations. The practical aspects are herein presented regarding the evolution and development of materials, technologies applications, strength, color, and aesthetics. A trend was observed to use high-strength core ceramics type due to their ability to be manufactured by CAD/CAM technology. In addition, the impacts of COVID-19 on the market of dental restorative ceramics are presented.

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Section: All Ceramicmentioning

confidence: 99%

An engineering perspective of ceramics applied in dental reconstructions

et al. 2023

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Evaluation of shear bond strength based on substructure materials and ceramic veneering techniques

Song,

Huh,

Park

et al. 2024

Journal of Prosthodontics

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PurposeBilayered restorations have both the strength of the substructure material and the esthetics of the veneer material; however, they should have appropriate bonding between the two materials. This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) according to the substructure material and veneering technique used in bilayered restorations.Materials and MethodsThe experimental group was divided into four groups (n = 15 per group) based on the substructure materials (cobalt‐chromium [Co‐Cr] alloy and 3 mol% yttrium‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal [3Y‐TZP]) and veneering techniques (pressing and layering). Veneering was performed with disk shape (diameter: 5 mm, height: 2 mm) on a substructure using each veneering technique. Shear stress was applied to the interface of the substructure and the veneering ceramic using a universal testing machine. The shear bond strength, according to the substructure and veneering technique, was analyzed using a two‐way analysis of variance with a post‐hoc Tukey's honestly significant difference test. The failure mode was observed, and the surface was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy.ResultsThe shSBS of the Co‐Cr alloy and 3Y‐TZP substructure was not different (p > 0.05); however, the pressing technique showed a higher SBS than the layering technique (p < 0.05). The SBS did not differ depending on the veneering technique in the Co‐Cr alloys (p > 0.05), whereas the SBS in the pressing technique was higher than that in the layering technique for 3Y‐TZP (p < 0.05). In the layering technique, the Co‐Cr alloy showed a higher SBS than 3Y‐TZP (p < 0.05). In the failure mode, mixed failure occurred most frequently in all groups. Extensive elemental interdiffusion was observed through the opaque layer in the Co‐Cr alloy, regardless of the veneering technique. In 3Y‐TZP, a wider range of elemental interdiffusion was observed in the pressing technique than in the layering technique.ConclusionsIn bilayered restorations with a 3Y‐TZP substructure, the pressing technique yielded higher bonding strength than layering. Using the layering technique, 3Y‐TZP showed a lower SBS than the Co‐Cr alloy. In bilayered restorations using 3Y‐TZP as a substructure, the veneering technique and thermal compatibility of the materials must be considered.

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