Characterization of the nutritive value of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) dominated pastures using updated chemical methods with application for the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System

Celis-Celis

2021

Sci Rep

The research was conducted to determine the effects of cutting interval and fertilization on the nutritional quality, nutrient uptake, and biomass production of King grass. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, using 4 blocks and 8 treatments per block; treatments consisted of 4 ages of cutting (30, 45, 60, and 90 days), with fertilization and without fertilization. The results showed increases of up to 72,000 kg ha−1 year−1 of dry matter (DM) when fertilization was implemented. There was a significant reduction in with an increase in the cutting days (12.70–6.53% protein). Fiber increased (48.79–72.99% NDF) when fertilization treatments were included and cutting days increased. The elements that were included in fertilization (N, P, K) showed a higher foliar content and also presented a reduction in foliar content with growth of the plant. Treatments with fertilization showed a nutrient uptake increase for all the elements up to 60 days, where a reduction in uptake capacity was observed. King grass is a plant with a high nutrient uptake capacity and, therefore, with high biomass and nutrient production. This is an advantage since it can be used in multiple applications, such as animal feed, biofuel production, and as a substrate for biodigestion, among others.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional quality, nutrient uptake and biomass production of Pennisetum purpureum cv. King grass

Celis-Celis

2021

Sci Rep

“…The calculation of the CNCPS nitrogen fractions was performed according to previous researches [ 14 , 16 , 17 ]. The detailed formulas were as follows: PA (%CP) = NPN (%CP), PB1 (%CP) = SCP (%CP) − NPN (%CP), PB3 (%CP) = NDICP (%CP) − ADICP (%CP), PC (%CP) = ADICP (%CP), PB2 (%CP) = 1 − PA (%CP) − PB1 (%CP) − PB3 (%CP) − PC (%CP).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proposed by Cornell University in the 1990s, the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) reflects the nutrient composition and metabolism of ruminant feeds comprehensively [ 16 ]. The CNCPS divides proteins into five fractions: PA, instantaneously soluble protein; PB1, rapidly degradable true protein; PB2, intermediately degradable true protein; PB3, slowly degradable protein; PC, undegradable true protein [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Malic Acid and Sucrose on the Fermentation Parameters, CNCPS Nitrogen Fractions, and Bacterial Community of Moringa oleifera Leaves Silage

et al. 2021

The present study investigated the effects of malic acid, sucrose, and their mixture on the fermentation parameters, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) nitrogen fractions, and bacterial community of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) silages. The trial was divided into four treatments and labeled as CON (control group) and MLA, SUC, and MIX (respectively denoting the addition of 1% malic acid, 1% sucrose, and 1% malic acid + 1% sucrose to the fresh weight basis). The silage packages were opened on the 2nd, 5th, 10th, 20th, and 40th days of ensiling for subsequent determination. Malic acid and sucrose increased the lactic acid content (p < 0.05) and pH value, and the acetic acid contents of MLA and MIX were lower than those in CON (p < 0.05). Compared with sucrose, malic acid had a better capacity to preserve nutrients and inhibit proteolysis, and thus exerted better effects on the CNCPS nitrogen fractions. The results of 16S rRNA showed that the dominant phyla were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and that the dominant genera were Lactobacillus and Weissella. With the application of silage additives and the processing of fermentation, there was a remarkable change in the composition and function of the bacterial community. The variation of the fermentation parameters and CNCPS nitrogen fractions in the MOL silages caused by malic acid and sucrose might be attributed to the dynamic and dramatic changes of the bacterial community.

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

“…To select the optimal strategy, quantitative knowledge of how the diet interacts with the ruminant, the nutrients it supplies and the metabolic requirements of the cow is crucial. Recent research using new feed chemistry demonstrates that the neutral detergent fibre fraction of immature pasture comprises a large potentially digestible pool that degrades rapidly in the rumen allowing for higher milk production performance to be achieved from grass-only diets (Dineen et al, 2021a). Autumn-grass was shown to contain a lower proportion of digestible material which degrades at a slower rate when compared with spring and summer grass (Dineen et al, 2021a;.…”

Section: Sward Nutritive Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

Irish Grassland Research — main achievements and advancements in the past 60 yrs and where to progress to next

O’Donovan

Dillon

Conaghan

et al. 2022

Self Cite

In the last 60 yr Irish grassland production has increased substantially in no small part due to high-quality fundamental grassland research. Increased production from grassland has arisen from improved understanding (research and practice) of soil and plant nutrition, plant physiology and variety improvement, while improved understanding of feed evaluation, ruminant nutrition, grazing management and silage technology has contributed to increased utilisation of grassland. Annual grass DM production varies from 12.7 to 15.0 t DM/ha based on Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine grass variety trials. More recent data from PastureBase Ireland indicate that average annual grass production (2020) on efficient dairy and dry stock farms is 13.5 and 10.0 t DM/ha, respectively. Ireland is now one of the world leaders in grassland research, particularly in the area of grazing utilisation, the development and use of grassland databases, decision support systems and grass selection indices for grass varieties. Future pasture-based systems must extend beyond food production to deliver additional benefits to farmers, to consumers and the wider society. Future systems will require more robust grazing animals with healthier functional traits, more diverse swards supporting improved animal performance and require fewer fertiliser and chemical inputs, and will support more biodiversity and enhanced carbon storage.