Characterization of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Glycoside Hydrolase PslG Reveals That Its Levels Are Critical for Psl Polysaccharide Biosynthesis and Biofilm Formation

Baker, Perrin; Whitfield, Gregory B.; Hill, Preston J.; Little, Dustin J.; Pestrak, Matthew J.; Robinson, Howard; Wozniak, Daniel J.; Howell, P. Lynne

doi:10.1074/jbc.m115.674929

Cited by 75 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Although alginate is the major exopolysaccharide constituent of P. aeruginosa mucoid biofilms, the Pel and Psl polysaccharides are produced in biofilms formed by non-mucoid isolates and play a significant role in the formation and maintenance of the biofilm architecture (Ma et al, 2009). Among the proteins required for synthesis of Psl, PslG is predicted to be a periplasmic b-D-xylosidase protein (Baker et al, 2015). Strikingly, overexpression or exogenously supply of PslG at nanomolar concentrations prevents biofilm formation and disperses preformed biofilms within minutes via degradation of the Psl matrix (Yu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Effectors Promoting Biofilm Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm dispersal: multiple elaborate strategies for dissemination of bacteria with unique properties

Guilhen

Forestier

Balestrino

2017

Molecular Microbiology

182

143

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Summary In most environments, microorganisms evolve in a sessile mode of growth, designated as biofilm, which is characterized by cells embedded in a self‐produced extracellular matrix. Although a biofilm is commonly described as a “cozy house” where resident bacteria are protected from aggression, bacteria are able to break their biofilm bonds and escape to colonize new environments. This regulated process is observed in a wide variety of species; it is referred to as biofilm dispersal, and is triggered in response to various environmental and biological signals. The first part of this review reports the main regulatory mechanisms and effectors involved in biofilm dispersal. There is some evidence that dispersal is a necessary step between the persistence of bacteria inside biofilm and their dissemination. In the second part, an overview of the main methods used so far to study the dispersal process and to harvest dispersed bacteria was provided. Then focus was on the properties of the biofilm‐dispersed bacteria and the fundamental role of the dispersal process in pathogen dissemination within a host organism. In light of the current body of knowledge, it was suggested that dispersal acts as a potent means of disseminating bacteria with enhanced colonization properties in the surrounding environment.

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Section: Effectors Promoting Biofilm Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm dispersal: multiple elaborate strategies for dissemination of bacteria with unique properties

Guilhen

Forestier

Balestrino

2017

Molecular Microbiology

182

143

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“…However, they present data that question the mechanisms that underlie alginate lyase enzyme-based therapies. Another approach for disruption of biofilms formed by Pa has involved the use of glycoside hydrolases to target exopolysaccharides present within the EPS, as the enzymes PelA h , PslG h , and Sph3 h can disrupt existing Pa biofilms in vitro (77,78). The accompanying review by Sheppard and Howell discusses this class of enzymes in more detail (79).…”

Section: Matrix-degrading Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What's on the Outside Matters: The Role of the Extracellular Polymeric Substance of Gram-negative Biofilms in Evading Host Immunity and as a Target for Therapeutic Intervention

Gunn

Bakaletz

Wozniak

2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

Self Cite

153

131

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Biofilms are organized multicellular communities encased in an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Biofilm-resident bacteria resist immunity and antimicrobials. The EPS provides structural stability and presents a barrier; however, a complete understanding of how EPS structure relates to biological function is lacking. This review focuses on the EPS of three Gram-negative pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi/Typhimurium. Although EPS proteins and polysaccharides are diverse, common constituents include extracellular DNA, DNABII (DNA binding and bending) proteins, pili, flagella, and outer membrane vesicles. The EPS biochemistry promotes recalcitrance and informs the design of therapies to reduce or eliminate biofilm burden.

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“…For example, the matrix of the model P. aeruginosa biofilm consists of alginate (Gacesa and Russell, 1990), Pel polysaccharide (Jennings et al, 2015), Psl polysaccharide (Jackson et al, 2004) and extracellular DNA (Whitchurch et al, 2002;Jennings et al, 2015). Hence, the deacetylase PelA and glycoside hydrolase PslG disperse P. aeruginosa biofilms (Yu et al, 2015;Baker et al, 2016); Pel EPS consists of N-acetyl b-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and GalNAc (Jennings et al, 2015) and PelA removes acetyl groups (Colvin et al, 2013), whereas Psl EPS consists of mannose, rhamnose and glucose (Byrd et al, 2009) and PslG binds to mannose suggesting it degrades the mannose glycosidic linkage in the EPS (Baker et al, 2015). Similarly, DNase disperses early P. aeruginosa biofilms (Whitchurch et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycoside hydrolase DisH from Desulfovibrio vulgaris degrades the N‐acetylgalactosamine component of diverse biofilms

Zhu

Poosarla

Song

et al. 2018

Environmental Microbiology

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Biofilms of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) produce H S, which contributes to corrosion. Although bacterial cells in biofilms are cemented together, they often dissolve their own biofilm to allow the cells to disperse. Using Desulfovibrio vulgaris as a model SRB, we sought polysaccharide-degrading enzymes that disperse its biofilm. Using a whole-genome approach, we identified eight enzymes as putative extracellular glycoside hydrolases including DisH (DVU2239, dispersal hexosaminidase), an enzyme that we demonstrated here, by utilizing various p-nitrooligosaccharide substrates, to be an N-acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase. For N-acetyl-β-D-galactosamine (GalNAc), V was 3.6 µmol of p-nitrophenyl/min (mg protein) and K was 0.8 mM; the specific activity for N-acetyl β-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) was 7.8 µmol of p-nitrophenyl/min (mg protein) . Since GalNAc is one of the three exopolysaccharide matrix components of D. vulgaris, purified DisH was found to disperse 63 ± 2% biofilm as well as inhibit biofilm formation up to 47 ± 4%. The temperature and pH optima are 60°C and pH 6, respectively; DisH is also inhibited by copper and is secreted. In addition, since polymers of GalNAc and GlcNAc are found in the matrix of diverse bacteria, DisH dispersed biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Therefore, DisH has the potential to inhibit and disperse a wide-range of biofilms.

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Characterization of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Glycoside Hydrolase PslG Reveals That Its Levels Are Critical for Psl Polysaccharide Biosynthesis and Biofilm Formation

Cited by 75 publications

References 82 publications

Biofilm dispersal: multiple elaborate strategies for dissemination of bacteria with unique properties

Biofilm dispersal: multiple elaborate strategies for dissemination of bacteria with unique properties

What's on the Outside Matters: The Role of the Extracellular Polymeric Substance of Gram-negative Biofilms in Evading Host Immunity and as a Target for Therapeutic Intervention

Glycoside hydrolase DisH from Desulfovibrio vulgaris degrades the N‐acetylgalactosamine component of diverse biofilms

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