Characterization of the Subunit Structure of the Ribonucleic Acid Genome of Influenza Virus

Self Cite

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the 3′ Termini of Discrete Segments of the Double-Stranded Ribonucleic Acid Genomes of Cytoplasmic Polyhedrosis Virus, Wound Tumor Virus, and Reovirus

Lewandowski

Leppla

1972

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“…The single-stranded RNA genome (vRNA) of influenza virus is segmented (4,18,28). The ts mutants of influenza WSN virus grown in MDBK cells fall into at least seven complementation-recombination groups (30,31), and the working hypothesis is that there is a one-to-one correspondence between a complementationrecombination group and a vRNA segment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza WSN virus defective in virus-specific RNA synthesis

Krug

Ueda²,

Palese³

1975

116

Influenza WSN virus temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants were examined for defects in viral complementary RNA (cRNA) synthesis. The synthesis of viral cRNA was determined by hybridizing RNA from infected cells to radiolabeled virion RNA of known specific activity. Mutants in complementation groups I and III synthesized little, or no, cRNA at the nonpermissive temperature (39.5 C). When cells infected by these mutants were incubated for 5 h at the permissive temperature (33 C) and were then shifted to 39.5 C, net synthesis of cRNA ceased. This strongly suggests that mutants in these two complementation groups possess a ts defect in the transciptase complex. Mutants in group II and group V synthesize reduced amounts of cRNA at 39.5 C. In contrast to the group I and group III mutants, cRNA synthesis in cells infected by a group II or a group V mutant continues after a shift-up. This indicated that these mutants do not possess a ts transcriptase complex and that these mutants are most probably defective in some step in the amplification of cRNA synthesis. As will be discussed, the most likely defect in these mutants is in the synthesis of virion-type RNA. These results suggest that there are two influenza viral gene functions required for transcription and most likely two additional gene functions required for RNA replication.

“…Moreover, from the analysis of recombinants between two strains of influenza A viruses, the protein corresponding to each of the eight genes has been identified (24,26,31,32). Structural studies indicate that each RNA segment possesses a unique nucleotide sequence (6, 14, 18) but that all or most of the segments contain pppA at the 5' end (39) and uridine at the 3' end (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Sequence at the 5′ Ends of the Segmented RNA Genomes of Influenza A and B Viruses

Moss

Keith

Gershowitz

et al. 1978

Guanylyl-and methyltransferases, isolated from purified vaccinia virus, were used to specifically label the 5' ends of the genome RNAs of influenza A and B viruses. All eight segments were labeled with [a-32P]guanosine 5'-triphosphate or S-adenosyl[methyl-3H]methionine to form "cap" structures of the type m7G(5')pppNm-, of which unmethylated (p)ppNrepresents the original 5' end. Further analyses indicated *that m7G(5')pppAm, m7G(5')pppAmpGp, and m7G(5')pppAmpGpUp were released from total and individual labeled RNA segments by digestion with nuclease P1, RNase Ti, and RNase A, respectively. Consequently, the 5'-terminal sequences of most or all individual genome RNAs of influenza A and B viruses were deduced to be (p)ppApGpUp. The presence of identical sequences at the ends of RNA segments of both types of influenza viruses indicates that they have been specifically conserved during evolution.