Characterization of the superior olivary complex of Canis lupus domesticus

Fech, Tatiana; Calderón‐Garcidueñas, Lilian; Kulesza, Randy J.

doi:10.1016/j.heares.2017.06.010

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Specifically, PN staining was heavier in VCN than in DCN, heavier in the LSO, and heavier along the lateral and ventromedial IC borders, all observations consistent with characteristics of PN staining that we found to be true across multiple species here. WFA stains PNs in the LSO and MSO of dog, and a stain for neurocan, a type of CSPG, showed light staining for PNs in VCN and in the central nucleus of the IC (Atoji & Suzuki, ; Atoji, Yamamoto, Suzuki, Matsui, & Oohira, ; Fech et al, ). Interestingly, Fech et al () describe gradients of PN staining in MSO and LSO of dog.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WFA stains PNs in the LSO and MSO of dog, and a stain for neurocan, a type of CSPG, showed light staining for PNs in VCN and in the central nucleus of the IC (Atoji & Suzuki, ; Atoji, Yamamoto, Suzuki, Matsui, & Oohira, ; Fech et al, ). Interestingly, Fech et al () describe gradients of PN staining in MSO and LSO of dog. In rhesus monkey, PNs are present across VCN and DCN, absent in MSO, heavier in medial MNTB and lighter in lateral MNTB, and heavier in the dorsal and external cortices of the IC (Hilbig et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another point of uncertainty in the literature is whether PN staining varies along the tonotopic axes of auditory nuclei. Some authors have reported gradients of PN staining along a tonotopic axis and others report homogeneous staining, but the analyses have been limited to one or two nuclei rather than an examination across the auditory pathway (Hilbig, Nowack, Boeckler, Bidmon, & Zilles, ; Blosa et al, ; Sonntag et al, ; Fech, Calderón‐Garcidueñas, & Kulesza, ). Inter‐study discrepancies such as these led us to ask two main questions about PN staining in the subcortical auditory system: (a) does apparent variation among species simply reflect the staining method, and, (b) to what extent does PN distribution vary with frequency representation, either among species with different hearing ranges or across the frequency axes of tonotopically organized nuclei?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perineuronal nets in subcortical auditory nuclei of four rodent species with differing hearing ranges

Beebe

Schofield

2018

J of Comparative Neurology

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Perineuronal nets (PNs) are aggregates of extracellular matrix molecules that surround some neurons in the brain. While PNs occur widely across many cortical areas, subcortical PNs are especially associated with motor and auditory systems. The auditory system has recently been suggested as an ideal model system for studying PNs and their functions. However, descriptions of PNs in subcortical auditory areas vary, and it is unclear whether the variation reflects species differences or differences in staining techniques. Here, we used two staining techniques (one lectin stain and one antibody stain) to examine PN distribution in the subcortical auditory system of four different species: guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), mice (Mus musculus, CBA/CaJ strain), Long-Evans rats (Rattus norvegicus), and naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber). We found that some auditory nuclei exhibit dramatic differences in PN distribution among species while other nuclei have consistent PN distributions. We also found that PNs exhibit molecular heterogeneity, and can stain with either marker individually or with both. PNs within a given nucleus can be heterogeneous or homogenous in their staining patterns. We compared PN staining across the frequency axes of tonotopically organized nuclei and among species with different hearing ranges. PNs were distributed non-uniformly across some nuclei, but only rarely did this appear related to the tonotopic axis. PNs were prominent in all four species; we found no systematic relationship between the hearing range and the number, staining patterns or distribution of PNs in the auditory nuclei.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perineuronal nets in subcortical auditory nuclei of four rodent species with differing hearing ranges

Beebe

Schofield

2018

J of Comparative Neurology

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Neuroanatomical characterization of perineuronal net components in the human cochlear nucleus and superior olivary complex

et al. 2018

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The human auditory brainstem, especially the cochlear nucleus (CN) and the superior olivary complex (SOC) are characterized by a high density of neurons associated with perineuronal nets (PNs). PNs build a specific form of extracellular matrix surrounding the neuronal somata, proximal dendrites and axon initial segments. They restrict synaptic plasticity and control high-frequency synaptic activity, a prominent characteristic of neurons of the auditory brainstem. The distribution of PNs within the auditory brainstem has been investigated in a number of mammalian species. However, much less is known regarding PNs in the human auditory brainstem. The present study aimed at the immunohistochemical identification of PNs in the cochlear nucleus (CN) and superior olivary complex (SOC) in the human brainstem. We focused on the complex nature and molecular variability of PNs in the CN and SOC by using specific antibodies against the main PN components (aggrecan, brevican, neurocan and hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1). Virtually all subnuclei within the ventral CN and SOC were found to be associated with PNs. Direct comparison between gerbil and human yielded similar fine structure of PNs and confirmed the typical tight interdigitation of PNs with synaptic terminals in both species. Noticeably, an elaborate combination of immunohistochemical labelings clearly supports the still debated existence of the medial nucleus of trapezoid body (MNTB) in the human brain. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that PNs form a prominent extracellular structure on CN and SOC neurons in the human brain, potentially stabilizing synaptic contacts, which is in agreement with many other mammalian species.

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