Characterization of thermal embrittlement in 2507 super duplex stainless steel using nonlinear acoustic effects

Gutiérrez-Vargas, Gildardo; Ruíz, Alberto; Kim, Jin‐Yeon; Jacobs, Laurence J.

doi:10.1016/j.ndteint.2017.12.004

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In the process of damage, accompanied by changes in microstructure, such as the appearance of grains, precipitates, and microscopic voids, etc Therefore, when high-energy sine waves passes through the material, ultrasound will interact with the changed microstructure, causing 'distortion', thus generating high-frequency harmonics. That is, the nonlinear effect of the material,At present, nonlinear ultrasound has been applied to the study of radiation embrittlement [18][19][20], thermal embrittlement [21], fatigue damage [22][23][24][25], creep damage [26][27][28] and residual stress [29,30], but there are no reports on hydrogen damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of linear and nonlinear ultrasound applied to the detection of hydrogen damage in 7N01 aluminum alloy

Qin,

Chen,

Qiu

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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7N01 aluminum alloy samples with different hydrogen damage degrees were prepared by electrochemical hydrogen charging technology. 7N01 aluminum alloy samples with different degrees of hydrogen damage were characterized by metallographic observation, hardness test and XRD test. The results show that the hydrogen content increases with the increase of hydrogen charging time. The surface of aluminum alloy is exfoliated and pits appear. The more severe the hydrogen damage, the greater the depth of pits. The microhardness of the 7N01 aluminum alloy decreases after hydrogen damage, which only occurs near the surface. After electrochemical hydrogen charging, AlH3 appears in the structure of 7N01 aluminum alloy, which is the result of increased hydrogen concentration. The ultrasonic echo signals of hydrogen damaged samples were obtained by a high frequency longitudinal probe ultrasonic detection device, and the results of linear and nonlinear ultrasonic detection were compared. Traditional linear ultrasonic detection parameters such as sound velocity and attenuation coefficient do not change significantly in the early stage of hydrogen damage, but increase significantly in the late stage of hydrogen damage. Due to the change of microstructure, the nonlinear coefficient increases approximately linearly in the early stage of hydrogen damage and decreases in the late stage of hydrogen damage. This study demonstrates the potential for combining linear and nonlinear ultrasonic measurements in hydrogen environment to more comprehensively study hydrogen damage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of linear and nonlinear ultrasound applied to the detection of hydrogen damage in 7N01 aluminum alloy

Qin,

Chen,

Qiu

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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“…Still, most investigations dealing with acoustoelasticity concern only basic metallic materials and an enormous scientific potential originating from its possible applications are still unexploited in the field of refractories and broad ceramic science. One of the main obstacles while applying monitoring systems based on the acoustoelastic principle to the studies on refractory materials is the lack of fundamental knowledge about dominant factors influencing nonlinear acoustoelastic behavior in polycrystalline ceramic materials, and a high level of heterogeneity [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Excited Acoustical System Frequency Monitoring for Refractory Concrete under Uniaxial Compression

et al. 2021

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The characterization of materials, stress and fatigue state monitoring based on the acoustoelastic principle are gaining widespread attention in recent years, mainly due to their advantages such as high sensitivity and non-destructive character. This article presents the application of a non-destructive acoustic method to test the degree of degradation of materials with which the heating boiler is coated. The combustion chamber is covered in materials when the temperature of the process itself increases, and has a very positive effect on fuel combustion. Unfortunately, with the passage of time, such materials undergo gradation. This article describes an innovative measuring system that has been successfully applied to monitor changes in resonance frequency under uniaxial compression in refractory grade material, which by definition is characterized by a high level of heterogeneity with a network of pre-existing cracks. The paper indicates that both stress and elasticity coefficients have an impact on the vibration frequency of the measuring system. Initial research was conducted to qualitatively determine the influence of these parameters on the measured frequency of the system.

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“…The relative nonlinearity parameter (to be defined subsequently) for Rayleigh waves depends on the spectral amplitudes at the primary and second harmonic frequencies. The relative nonlinearity parameter of Rayleigh waves is the following: effective in detecting fatigue cracking at an early stage [ 10 , 11 ]; sensitive to plastic deformation, cold work, and residual stress [ 12 ]; able to distinguish different aluminum alloys in pristine states based on their material nonlinearity due to lattice anharmonicity [ 13 ]; sensitive to precipitate hardening due to heat treatments [ 14 ], thermal embrittlement [ 15 , 16 ], sensitization of stainless steel [ 17 ], and stress corrosion cracking [ 18 ]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sensitive to precipitate hardening due to heat treatments [ 14 ], thermal embrittlement [ 15 , 16 ], sensitization of stainless steel [ 17 ], and stress corrosion cracking [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Roughness Effects on Self-Interacting and Mutually Interacting Rayleigh Waves

Bakre

Lissenden

2021

Sensors

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Rayleigh waves are very useful for ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation of structural and mechanical components. Nonlinear Rayleigh waves have unique sensitivity to the early stages of material degradation because material nonlinearity causes distortion of the waveforms. The self-interaction of a sinusoidal waveform causes second harmonic generation, while the mutual interaction of waves creates disturbances at the sum and difference frequencies that can potentially be detected with minimal interaction with the nonlinearities in the sensing system. While the effect of surface roughness on attenuation and dispersion is well documented, its effects on the nonlinear aspects of Rayleigh wave propagation have not been investigated. Therefore, Rayleigh waves are sent along aluminum surfaces having small, but different, surface roughness values. The relative nonlinearity parameter increased significantly with surface roughness (average asperity heights 0.027–3.992 μm and Rayleigh wavelengths 0.29–1.9 mm). The relative nonlinearity parameter should be decreased by the presence of attenuation, but here it actually increased with roughness (which increases the attenuation). Thus, an attenuation-based correction was unsuccessful. Since the distortion from material nonlinearity and surface roughness occur over the same surface, it is necessary to make material nonlinearity measurements over surfaces having the same roughness or in the future develop a quantitative understanding of the roughness effect on wave distortion.

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Characterization of thermal embrittlement in 2507 super duplex stainless steel using nonlinear acoustic effects

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

Comparative study of linear and nonlinear ultrasound applied to the detection of hydrogen damage in 7N01 aluminum alloy

Comparative study of linear and nonlinear ultrasound applied to the detection of hydrogen damage in 7N01 aluminum alloy

Self-Excited Acoustical System Frequency Monitoring for Refractory Concrete under Uniaxial Compression

Surface Roughness Effects on Self-Interacting and Mutually Interacting Rayleigh Waves

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