Characterization of three optional promoters in the 5′ region of the human aldolase A gene

Maire, Pascal; Gautron, Sophie; Hakim, Vincent; Gregori, Claudine; Mennecier, F.; Kahn, Axel

doi:10.1016/0022-2836(87)90556-0

Cited by 66 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Genes with alternative use of promoters have been described and result in synthesis of transcripts with alternative 5' exons. Such a phenomenon can result in the synthesis of different proteins as in the case of myosin light chain IF/3F [23] or of identical proteins as for aldolase A [24]. Secondly, alternative splicing and/or alternative polyadenylation sites could be at the origin of the different NOR-2 mRNAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NOR‐2 (neuron‐derived orphan receptor), a brain zinc finger protein, is highly induced during liver regeneration

Petropoulos¹,

Part²,

Ochoa³

et al. 1995

FEBS Letters

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~,bstraet Zinc-finger proteins are involved in several cellular processes. Some of these proteins are implicated in the primary cellular response in regenerating liver and mitogen-stimulated cells. Using a rat cDNA brain library, we have isolated a clone designated NOR-2, encoding a protein containing two zinc-finger motifs and whose expression is highly induced during G0/GI transition. We analysed the expression of NOR-2 mRNAs during early growth in regenerating liver and in both insulin-stimulated H4-11 cells and pheochromocytoma-derived cell line PCI2 treated by NGF. In these systems, there is an early, rapid and transient accumulation of NOR-2 mRNAs. The induction of NOR-2 mRNAs does not require de novo protein synthesis, since it is not prevented by cycloheximide treatment. Mobility shift assays show that NOR-2 protein binds to NBRE, a target sequence for r-NGFI-B family. Structurally, NOR-2 is closely related to the recently identified NOR-I factor. Therefore, like NOR-I, NOR-2 belongs to the r-NGFI-B sub-family of nuclear receptors superfamily.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NOR‐2 (neuron‐derived orphan receptor), a brain zinc finger protein, is highly induced during liver regeneration

Petropoulos¹,

Part²,

Ochoa³

et al. 1995

FEBS Letters

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“…In rabbit, a qualitative modification in the pattern of aldolase A transcripts was also observed (11). Through the use of alternative promoters, aldolase A gene gives rise to multiple transcripts of different sizes (alternative first exons have different lengths) (12,16,19,38). The changes observed by Williams et al (11), before the identification of the different promoters, probably reflected a decline in M-mRNAs, the remaining transcripts corresponding to longer mRNAs controlled by the other ubiquitous promoter.…”

Section: Denervation Of Adult Transgenic Mice Induces An Early Shut-dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aldolase A expression is achieved through the use of alternative promoters that have distinct tissue and developmental specificities (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). The muscle-specific promoter, pM, is highly activated during postnatal muscle maturation, and in adults, pM-derived transcripts accumulate in fast twitch glycolytic muscles and to a much lower level in slow twitch muscles (14,18,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proximal Sequences of the Aldolase A Fast Muscle-specific Promoter Direct Nerve- and Activity-dependent Expression in Transgenic Mice

Spitz¹,

Vasconcelos²,

Châtelet³

et al. 1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Muscle activity is known to modulate the muscle fiber phenotype. Changes in muscle activity (normal or experimentally induced) lead to modifications of the expression status of several muscle-specific genes. However, the transcription regulatory elements involved in the adaptative response are mainly unknown. The aldolase A muscle-specific promoter, pM, is expressed in adult fast twitch muscle with a preferential expression in fast glycolytic-2B fibers. Its activity is induced during postnatal muscle maturation, suggesting a role of nerve and/or muscle activity. Indeed, denervation of gastrocnemius in newborn mice prevented the activation of the promoter in this muscle, despite the nerve-independent formation of 2B fibers. Although the nerve was necessary for pM onset during development, denervating the gastrocnemius in adults had only mild effects on pM activity. By contrast, a transgene including the pM proximal regulatory sequences that are sufficient to reproduce the 2B fiber-specific expression of the endogenous promoter was shown to be highly sensitive to both neonatal and adult denervation. Transgenes containing muscle-specific pM proximal promoter elements were used to delineate the regulatory elements involved in this response to innervation and changes in the contractile activity pattern. Nerve-and activity-dependent elements could be localized in the 130-base pair-long proximal promoter region of the human aldolase A gene.

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“…One of the alternative leader exons is muscle specific (M), and the others (Lr, LZ and F) are of the 'housekeeping' type. The first two exons (Lr and Lz) are present in aldolase A mRNA, which was first isolated and sequenced from liver [4] and then also detected in lymphoblasts, muscle and spleen [2]. The proximal leader exon F (exon IV) has been found in two mRNA species of slightly different lengths that are expressed in all human and rat tissues examined so far [2,3,5,6].…”

Section: Introduction 2 Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first two exons (Lr and Lz) are present in aldolase A mRNA, which was first isolated and sequenced from liver [4] and then also detected in lymphoblasts, muscle and spleen [2]. The proximal leader exon F (exon IV) has been found in two mRNA species of slightly different lengths that are expressed in all human and rat tissues examined so far [2,3,5,6]. The putative promoter region responsible for the expression of the latter ubiquitous mRNAs, and the relative initiation sites have been suggested by structural analysis and conventional Sr mapping and primer elongation experiments [2,3,5].…”

Section: Introduction 2 Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo activity of the most proximal promoter of the human aldolase A ene and analysis of transcriptional control elements

et al. 1989

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The genomic region upstream from exon F (exon IV) of the human aldolase A gene has been studied for its ability to direct the transcription of a reporter gene in vivo. Transfection experiments in human hepatoma cells (Hep 3B) followed by CAT assay, and S, mapping analysis, demonstrated that: (i) this region is able to drive CAT gene transcription; (ii) all the transcriptional control elements of this promoter are downstream from nucleotide -384 of the longer ubiquitous RNA start site and the sequences between -384 and -262 play a crucial role in transcriptional efficiency; (iii) initiation starting points for two mRNAs exist 61 bp apart. Gel retardation and footprinting assays demonstrated the presence of DNA-protein complexes mainly in the region between -384 and -262 and such ubiquitous binding factors as Spl and AP-1.

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Characterization of three optional promoters in the 5′ region of the human aldolase A gene

Cited by 66 publications

References 67 publications

NOR‐2 (neuron‐derived orphan receptor), a brain zinc finger protein, is highly induced during liver regeneration

NOR‐2 (neuron‐derived orphan receptor), a brain zinc finger protein, is highly induced during liver regeneration

Proximal Sequences of the Aldolase A Fast Muscle-specific Promoter Direct Nerve- and Activity-dependent Expression in Transgenic Mice

In vivo activity of the most proximal promoter of the human aldolase A ene and analysis of transcriptional control elements

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