Characterization of Two Major Genetic Factors Controlling Quantitative Resistance to <i>Melampsora larici-populina</i> Leaf Rust in Hybrid Poplars: Strain Specificity, Field Expression, Combined Effects, and Relationship with a Defeated Qualitative Resistance Gene

Dowkiw, Arnaud; Bastien, Catherine

doi:10.1094/phyto.2004.94.12.1358

Cited by 37 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…This model may apply to the control of resistance to M. cryptica in E. globulus. In support of this hypothesis, the specialization of different biotypes of M. cryptica on resistant vs. susceptible trees in the same trial and the same disease epidemic as this study (Milgate et al 2005a) suggests a degree of specificity in the resistance of E. globulus to M. cryptica, similar to loci for rust resistance in poplar (Tabor et al 2000;Dowkiw and Bastien 2004) and pine (Wilcox et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…In other forest trees, QTL studies have commonly found that few genomic regions explain a large proportion of the phenotypic variation in disease resistance. For example, one or two major QTL explained most of the variance in resistance to rust in poplar (Newcombe et al 1996;Lefèvre et al 1998;Dowkiw and Bastien 2004;Jorge et al 2005) and pines (Devey et al 1995). Similar results have also been found in QTL studies investigating quantitative disease resistance in crop plants (reviewed by Young 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…; e.g., Devey et al 1995;Li et al 2006) and poplar (Melampsora sp. ; e.g., Cervera et al 1996;Lefèvre et al 1998;Dowkiw and Bastien 2004;Jorge et al 2005) and chestnut blight (Cryphonectria sp. ; e.g., Kubisiak et al 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Few Mendelian Genes Underlie the Quantitative Response of a Forest Tree, Eucalyptus globulus, to a Natural Fungal Epidemic

2008

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Foliar fungal pathogens from the genus Mycosphaerella affect eucalypts in natural forests and plantations worldwide. QTL analysis was conducted to dissect the genetic control of resistance in Eucalyptus globulus to a natural infection by Mycosphaerella leaf disease, using a clonally replicated outbred F 2 family (112 genotypes) planted in a field trial. Two major QTL, with high LOD support (20.2 and 10.9) and high genomewide significance, explained a large proportion (52%) of the phenotypic variance in the severity of damage by Mycosphaerella cryptica, which may be indicative of oligogenic control. Both QTL were validated in a second F 2 family and one was validated in a third F 2 family. The mean values of different genotype classes at both major QTL argue for Mendelian inheritance with resistance dominant over susceptibility. There were strong correlations between the levels of Mycosphaerella damage in related genetic material planted in three widely separated locations in Tasmania. These findings together provide evidence that the genes controlling resistance to Mycosphaerella damage are stable in different genetic backgrounds and across different environments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

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Few Mendelian Genes Underlie the Quantitative Response of a Forest Tree, Eucalyptus globulus, to a Natural Fungal Epidemic

2008

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“…M. larici-populina causes severe economic losses in European poplar plantations and has been recently detected in North America (Newcombe and Chastagner, 1993). Selection for resistance to this biotrophic pathogen is thus an important challenge for poplar breeders (Dowkiw and Bastien, 2004). Severe damage occurs through decreased photosynthesis efficiency, early defoliation, and increased susceptibility to other pests and diseases (Gérard et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Transcript Profiling of Poplar Leaves upon Infection with Compatible and Incompatible Strains of the Foliar RustMelampsora larici-populina

et al. 2007

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To understand key processes governing defense mechanisms in poplar (Populus spp.) upon infection with the rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina, we used combined histological and molecular techniques to describe the infection of Populus trichocarpa 3 Populus deltoides 'Beaupré' leaves by compatible and incompatible fungal strains. Striking differences in hosttissue infection were observed after 48-h postinoculation (hpi) between compatible and incompatible interactions. No reactive oxygen species production could be detected at infection sites, while a strong accumulation of monolignols occurred in the incompatible interaction after 48 hpi, indicating a late plant response once the fungus already penetrated host cells to form haustorial infection structures. P. trichocarpa whole-genome expression oligoarrays and sequencing of cDNAs were used to determine changes in gene expression in both interactions at 48 hpi. Temporal expression profiling of infection-regulated transcripts was further compared by cDNA arrays and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Among 1,730 significantly differentially expressed transcripts in the incompatible interaction, 150 showed an increase in concentration $3-fold, whereas 62 were decreased by $3-fold. Regulated transcripts corresponded to known genes targeted by R genes in plant pathosystems, such as inositol-3-P synthase, glutathione S-transferases, and pathogenesis-related proteins. However, the transcript showing the highest rust-induced up-regulation encodes a putative secreted protein with no known function. In contrast, only a few transcripts showed an altered expression in the compatible interaction, suggesting a delay in defense response between incompatible and compatible interactions in poplar. This comprehensive analysis of early molecular responses of poplar to M. larici-populina infection identified key genes that likely contain the fungus proliferation in planta.

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“…Resistance is broadly defined as any mechanism that reduces the extent of pathogen infection, whereas the ability of a host to reduce the pathogen effect on growth is defined as tolerance (Clarke 1986). P. deltoides is the only one of the four species listed which showed a qualitative resistance to the rust MLP, i.e., a resistance based on either one or two major genes (Dowkiw & Bastien 2004). However, this resistance type can be suddenly overcome by emergence of new virulence in a relatively short period of time following release of a new cultivar (Dowkiw et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in resistance to the rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. in Populus nigra L. in the Czech Republic

Štochlová¹,

Novotná²,

Benetka³

2016

iForest

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Differences in Populus nigra L. clone resistance to the rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. (MLP) were studied in field trials where infected trees were compared with fungicide-protected trees. MLP rust infections were assessed using a 6-point scale. Four parameters of poplar growth were also measured to gauge host response to infection: shoot thickness, shoot number at the end of the growing season, individual plant dry weight, and dry matter yield per unit area. Five of eight known pathogen virulence types were detected. Cumulative growth in shoot thickness in sprayed and unsprayed plots was similar in clones with high rust pathogen resistance, but significantly different in clones with low resistance. Clones with low resistance also exhibited delayed growth initiation in the year following infection, an effect attributed to lower food storage accumulated during the previous year, reflected in a reduction in stem diameter. Based on stem thickness measurements, it was confirmed growth ceased at the end of August. Average rust severity symptoms ranged from 2.75 to 4.22 on the 6-point scale. The percentage reduction for the various growth parameters resulting from rust infection ranged as follows: individual plant dry weight 5-64%; dry matter yield 21-66%; shoot number 17-46%; and stem diameter 1-35%. Exclusive of stem diameter, these reductions correlated with severity in MLP rust infection. The one exception was tolerance to rust infection displayed by one of the clones. Clones with the lowest growth reductions were 97/152 and 97/157. Growth and yield parameter variation as a result MLP resistance difference was observed among tested P. nigra clones. This variation can be viewed as confirmation that resistance observed in this study and P. nigra clones is a suite of quantitative traits. These findings have important implications for MLP resistance breeding programs.

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Characterization of Two Major Genetic Factors Controlling Quantitative Resistance to Melampsora larici-populina Leaf Rust in Hybrid Poplars: Strain Specificity, Field Expression, Combined Effects, and Relationship with a Defeated Qualitative Resistance Gene

Cited by 37 publications

References 46 publications

Few Mendelian Genes Underlie the Quantitative Response of a Forest Tree, Eucalyptus globulus, to a Natural Fungal Epidemic

Few Mendelian Genes Underlie the Quantitative Response of a Forest Tree, Eucalyptus globulus, to a Natural Fungal Epidemic

Transcript Profiling of Poplar Leaves upon Infection with Compatible and Incompatible Strains of the Foliar RustMelampsora larici-populina

Variation in resistance to the rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. in Populus nigra L. in the Czech Republic

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