Characterization of Unknown Orthobunya-Like Viruses from India

Whitmer, Shannon; Yadav, Pragya D; Sarkale, Prasad; Chaubal, Gouri; Francis, Alicia; Klena, John D.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Ströher, Ute; Mourya, Devendra T.

doi:10.3390/v10090451

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…CQV NIV 612,045 was found to be closely related to Oya virus (OYAV) and Ingwavuma virus (INGV) which are also reported from India and characterized in 2016. OYAV, INGV and MANV form distinct core MAN clade with an amino acid identity of 96.2 to 99.6 per cent while comparing with CQV 15 . Viruses belonging to MAN clade have a high degree of genetic similarity and are difficult to differentiate at the molecular level.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Earlier in 1961, a virus from Jungle Myna ( Acridotheres fuscus ) serum sample was isolated from Sagar district of Karnataka State, India 13 . Efforts for its characterization failed for many years.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Viruses belonging to MAN clade have a high degree of genetic similarity and are difficult to differentiate at the molecular level. Confirmation of the specific virus can only be done using conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by sequencing 13 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Proactive preparedness for Cat Que virus

Shete

Yadav

Gokhale

et al. 2020

Indian Journal of Medical Research

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Background & objectives: The presence of Cat Que virus (CQV) in Culex mosquitoes and pigs has been reported in China and Vietnam. Due to the spread of similar species of the Culex mosquitoes in India, there is a need to understand the replication kinetics of this virus in mosquito models. As a part of preparedness and to identify the presence of this CQV in humans and swine, this study was carried out to develop diagnostic tests. Methods: Serological and molecular diagnostic assays were developed for testing the mosquito population, human and swine serum samples. In this line, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ( L ), glycoprotein ( M ) and nucleocapsid ( S ) genes-based reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays were developed for CQV. Real-time RT-PCR was used for screening of retrospectively collected human serum samples (n=1020) with acute febrile illness during 2014-2017. Simultaneously, an in-house anti-CQV swine and human IgG ELISAs were also developed to detect anti-CQV IgG antibody. Human serum samples (n=883) with post-onset of disease (POD) >4 days and swine serum samples (n=459) were tested for the presence of anti-CQV IgG antibodies. CQV NIV 612,045 isolate was used for susceptibility and replication kinetics experiment using three different species of mosquitoes to understand its behaviour in Indian mosquitoes. Results: All human serum samples (n=1020) screened for the presence of CQV using real-time RT-PCR were found to be negative. Anti-CQV IgG antibody positivity was recorded in two of 883 human serum samples tested. Virus susceptibility experiments indicated that three species of mosquito, namely Aedes aegypti , Culex quinquefasciatus and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus supported multiplication of CQV by intrathoracic as well as artificial membrane/oral feeding routes. Interpretation & conclusions: Anti-CQV IgG antibody positivity in human serum samples tested and the replication capability of CQV in mosquitoes indicated a possible disease causing potential of CQV in Indian scenario. Screening of more human and swine serum samples using these assays is required as a proactive measure for understanding the prevalence of this neglected tropical virus.

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confidence: 99%

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Proactive preparedness for Cat Que virus

Shete

Yadav

Gokhale

et al. 2020

Indian Journal of Medical Research

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“…Orthobunyavirus is the most diverse genus within the Bunyavirales order, comprising ≈170 viruses classified into > 18 serogroups on the basis of antigenic relationships; this serology correlates well with the phylogenetic analyses ( 9 ). For birds, particularly domestic poultry, descriptions of natural infections with orthobunyaviruses are scarce ( 10 , 11 ). Hubálek et al, in a recent comprehensive review on arboviruses, listed only a few orthobunyaviruses pathogenic to domestic poultry, most likely reflecting a minor role of orthobunyaviruses in poultry diseases ( 5 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Novel Orthobunyavirus Causing Severe Kidney Disease in Broiler Chickens, Malaysia, 2014–2017

Palya¹,

Kovács²,

Marton³

et al. 2019

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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During 2014–2017, we isolated a novel orthobunyavirus from broiler chickens with severe kidney lesions in the state of Kedah, Malaysia; we named the virus Kedah fatal kidney syndrome virus (KFKSV). Affected chickens became listless and diarrheic before dying suddenly. Necropsies detected pale and swollen kidneys with signs of gout, enlarged and fragile livers, and pale hearts. Experimental infection of broiler chickens with KFKSV reproduced the disease and pathologic conditions observed in the field, fulfilling the Koch’s postulates. Gene sequencing indicated high nucleotide identities between KFKSV isolates (99%) and moderate nucleotide identities with the orthobunyavirus Umbre virus in the large (78%), medium (77%), and small (86%) genomic segments. KFKSV may be pathogenic for other host species, including humans.

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“…These new viral agents were identified as a Cat Que Virus (VN 04-2108), a new strain identified in Manzanilla species complex. This name was suggested as the name of the Vietnamese community where the infected mosquitos were obtained [21]. It was isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes while domestic pigs are the primary mammalian hosts for this virus.…”

Section: Distribution and Discoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cat Que Virus: a resurfacing orthobunyavirus could lead to epidemics

et al. 2021

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The newly emerging and re-emerging of viral contagion in the present scenario are of more extensive health concern. After a long calm of many years, an unexpected eruption of the Cat Que Virus in China is a source of our concern. Cat Que Virus is an Arbovirus and belongs to the Simbu serogroup of the Orthobunyavirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family. The Simbu serogroup is an extremely diverse group of Arbovirus. The arboviruses are causing the infection in multiple hosts including humans and various livestock. They can cause mild to lifethreatening infections. Arboviruses expand their spectrum and are more observable in recent times. Human actions have the most significant geophysical impact on the environment. Changes in rainfall patterns, floods, and the risk of extreme weather events are all consequences of climate change. These events may be connected to the extension of permissive vectors, geographic ranges, and therefore provide more chance of growth and spread of potential vector. Arboviruses are responsible for the health hazard to millions of people globally. It is critical to concentrate research and surveillance on these emerging and reemerging viruses, particularly arthropod-borne viral infections. The appropriate research and surveillance on them will help us for the development of effective control and treatment strategies and also reduce health problems. The present review summarizes the current broad outline of discovery, evolution and dispersal of this unknown virus.

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Characterization of Unknown Orthobunya-Like Viruses from India

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Proactive preparedness for Cat Que virus

Proactive preparedness for Cat Que virus

RETRACTED: Novel Orthobunyavirus Causing Severe Kidney Disease in Broiler Chickens, Malaysia, 2014–2017

The Cat Que Virus: a resurfacing orthobunyavirus could lead to epidemics

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