Characterization of vaterite synthesized at various temperatures and stirring velocities without use of additives

Ammonium carbonate gas diffusion crystallization in a continuous organic medium leads to dendritic calcium carbonate

“…figure A6-8). These clusters resemble very closely to the vaterite particles synthesized in several works [14] [15] [16]. Judging from the significant difference between crystal sizes, 100 µm dendrites and only 1 µm spherical clusters, the growth mechanism may then be formulated as a two stage process.…”

Adsorption mechanism of alkyl polyglucoside (APG) on calcite nanoparticles in aqueous medium at varying pH

“…At ×100,000 magnification, we observed that the accurate shape of the CCNPs was cubic. In general, it is known that calcite has a euhedral to subhedral cubic shape, while vaterite and aragonite have spherical and hedgehog-like shapes, respectively [18]. This fact therefore proves that the CCNPs used in this study were calcite.…”

Calcium Carbonate Precipitation for CO2 Storage and Utilization: A Review of the Carbonate Crystallization and Polymorphism

“…The anhydrous crystalline polymorphs of CaCO3 strongly depend on the synthesis variables such as temperature, pressure, pH of the solution, reaction time, degree of supersaturation, ion concentration and ratio, ionic strength, stirring, type and concentration of additives, and feeding order (Tai and Chen, 1998;Jung et al, 2000;García-Carmona et al, 2003a,b;Shen et al, 2006;Meldrum and Cölfen, 2008;Chen and Xiang, 2009;Fuchigami et al, 2009;Ren et al, 2011;Chu et al, 2013;Zhao et al, 2013;Jiang et al, 2014;Ševčík et al, 2015;Chang et al, 2017). Although the formation of CaCO3 can be achieved by a simple precipitation reaction between Ca 2+ and CO 3 2− ions, the controllable formation of a specific polymorph of CaCO3 is still a practical challenge.…”