Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains and evaluation of shrimp cultivation conditions in a farm at the northwestern of Mexico, as risk predictors for its adaptation and dissemination

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is recognized as a human pathogen as well as the causative agent of vibriosis in shrimp. This study determined the pathogenic, antimicrobial, and biotic potential of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) and seawater on a northwestern Mexico farm. A total of 140 samples were randomly collected, including juvenile organisms (n = 120) and seawater (n = 20). The pH, salinity, and biota of the ponds were used to correlate with bacterium presence. The strains were characterized by virulence genes presence, biofilm formation capacity, antimicrobial sensitivity, and the kinetics growth using PCR, microplates method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and spectrophotometry, respectively. V. parahaemolyticus was detected in 7.1% of the samples with a mean concentration of 3.72 ± 1.24 log CFU mL-1; 6.7% (8/120) in shrimp and 10.0% (2/20) in seawater. Cultivation conditions were not predictive of the specie (P > 0.05). V. parahaemolyticus showed an adaptation time of 1.0 h, and a growth rate of 0.375 h-1 in seawater at 30ºC. The strains were classified into two pathotypes: tlh+/tdh-/trh-/AP2- (75%) and tlh+/tdh-/trh-/AP2+ (25%) and three resistant profiles to clinical drugs (ampicillin, amikacin, gentamicin, and netilmicin). The MIC values against oxytetracycline (OTC), florfenicol (FFC) and enrofloxacin (ENRO) were >0.50, >0.25 and >0.06 μg mL-1, respectively. Biofilm formation was a property identified in 40% of the strains. The presence of infectious V. parahaemolyticus with high adaptative potential justifies integrating integrated aquaculture practices and management to control pathogen growth and shrimp health.

Optimization of silver nanocrystals reduced from the functional molecules enriched Spirulina – A potent antibiotic against human and marine pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus

“…The few strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus species are human pathogens, causing gastroenteritis(Broberg et al 2012) it can be inhibited by Spirulina platensis mediated silver nanoparticles. Overall, 55.7% and 58.3% of Vibrio parahaemolyticus are present in our study area Cuddalore and in the Nagappattinam district which is higher than the 20 percent recorded byGámez- Bayardo et al 2021. Also, Silvester et al (2015 reported 71.6% in the Cochin estuary and 53.3% in the shrimp farm Biju and Gunalan (2016).…”

Growth Characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Lobster (Panulirus sp.) Under Different Temperatures, pH, and NaCl Concentrations

“…Furthermore, understanding the growth pattern of Vibrio is essential to develop effective control measures as a preventive measure for crustacea contamination (Letchumanan et al, 2014). Gámez-Bayardo et al (2021) stated that identifying the factors contributing to Vibrio's growth can help improve food safety. In aquaculture, characterizing the growth of Vibrio can assist in developing effective disease management strategies (de Souza Valente & Wan, 2021).…”