Characterization of wastewater and activated sludge from European municipal wastewater treatment plants using the nur test

The efficiencies of denitrification and enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) in biological nutrient removal (BNR) activated sludge systems are strongly dependent on the availability of appropriate carbon sources. Due to high costs of commercial compounds (such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid etc.) and acclimation periods (usually) required, the effective use of internal carbon sources for denitrification is preferred. The aim of this study was to determine the immediate effects of slowly biodegradable substrates on the denitrification capability and phosphate release/uptake interactions for a full-scale biomass process from the "Wschod" wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Gdansk (Poland). Since it is hard to distinguish the slowly biodegradable substrate in a direct way, a novel procedure based on batch experiments was developed and implemented. The laboratory experiments were carried out in two parallel, fully automatic batch reactors with the settled wastewater without pretreatment and after coagulation-flocculation. The removal of colloidal and particulate fractions resulted in the reduced observed process rates, such as denitrification, phosphate release and phosphate uptake (under aerobic and anoxic conditions). The reduction ranged from approximately 14% for the anaerobic P release to approximately 46% for the anoxic P uptake.

Section: ''Conventional'' Nur Testssupporting

confidence: 91%

The role of colloidal and particulate organic compounds in denitrification and EBPR occurring in a full-scale activated sludge system

Drewnowski

Mąkinia

2011

“…Naidoo et al (1998) correspond to the ratio COD ff0.45 / COD TOT as no S U values were reported for the data set).Values deduced from the methods employed in this study (from COD ff,0.45 and assuming a S U fraction of 0.04) are also reported in this graph; they are in accordance with literature data.Such as for BCOD, RBCOD values seem to depend on the method employed. RBCOD fractions obtained by physicochemical techniques (0.25 -0.29 excluding Naidoo et al 1998, see above) are significantly higher than the ones deduced from OUR and NUR bioassays (0.05 -0.19).…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

“…Nevertheless, the SBR method also shows limitations: as wastewater is stored at 48C for a long period, the biodegradable fraction can be degraded during storage. * Roeleveld and van Loosdrecht, 2002Melcer et al, 2003 This study Sperandio et al, 2001Ginestet et al, 2002Ohron et al, 1997Melcer et al, 2003Naidoo et al, 1998 RBCOD This difference was also observed by Melcer et al (2003) on the basis of tests carried out on the same wastewater samples. Because they require less sophisticated apparatus and skills and less time, physicochemical methods represent however attractive alternatives to biological tests.…”

Section: Flocculation/filtration Versus Simple Filtrationmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Simple filtrations with different pore sizes have been proposed (Roeleveld & van Loosdrecht 2002), preceded or not by a flocculation step (Mamais et al 1993); † bioassay tests, based on a respirometric characterisation method where oxygen or nitrate utilisation rates (OUR and NUR, respectively) are recorded (Naidoo et al 1998;Spanjers et al 1998;Sperandio et al 2001;Orhon & Okutman 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biodegradable organic matter in domestic wastewaters: comparison of selected fractionation techniques

Gillot¹,

Choubert²

2010

The first objective of this work was to evaluate the ability of the long-term BOD tests to provide the total biodegradable COD (BCOD) for domestic wastewaters. Results show that the method is repeatable (using two different volume samples, 97 and 164 mL) and that the fractions of BCOD determined were not statistically different from the one obtained by respirometry (at low S/X ratio). Respirometric tests were also repeatable. They were shown to be sensitive to the origin of the sludge. The results obtained are in the range of literature data. But they later indicated that long-term bioassays (>20 days) give higher biodegradable fractions than the other methods (BOD and respirometry). The second objective was to compare soluble fractions obtained with raw and pre-flocculated samples. Flocculated filtered COD is significantly lower than filtered COD, even if a pore size of 0.1 microm is used. The comparison to literature values shows that physicochemical RBCOD fractions are significantly higher than the ones obtained using bioassays. Comparison with the fractions used in calibrated models would help the choice of the more suitable method for modelling purposes.

“…The range of NURs reported in the literature(Henze et al 1995) for municipal wastewater is 1.0-5.0 g N/(kg VSS·h) at T ¼ 208C Naidoo et al (1998). measured NURs at the WWTPs located in eight European cities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

Industrial wastewater as an external carbon source for optimization of nitrogen removal at the “Wschod” WWTP in Gdansk (Poland)

Swinarski¹,

Mąkinia

Czerwionka

et al. 2009

Carbon source alternatives for denitrification belong to the highest research area priorities as they allow to optimize N removal within the existing capacities. In particular, some food industry effluents appear to be good candidates for such alternatives due to their high C/N ratios and high content of readily biodegradable organic fraction. The aim of this study was to determine the immediate effects of dosing different types of industrial wastewater on the denitrification capability of process biomass originating from the "Wschod" WWTP in Gdansk (northern Poland). Three types of industrial wastewater (effluents from a distillery, brewery and fish-pickling factory) were tested in two kinds of batch experiments. The results of this study revealed that the investigated industrial wastewater can be a potential external carbon source to improve denitrification efficiency. The observed single nitrate utilization rates (NURs) were ranging from 2.4 to 6.0 g N/(kg VSS.h) and were comparable to the rates associated with the utilization of readily biodegradable COD in the settled wastewater. When the NURs were measured during anoxic P uptake, the P uptake rates did not appear to be adversely affected by the addition of any carbon source.