Characterization of Weda Bay nickel laterite ore from Indonesia

Farrokhpay, Saeed; Cathelineau, ‪Michel; Blancher, Simon B.; Laugier, Odile; Filippov, L.O.

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2018.11.002

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This may be because smectite is unstable under oxidative weathering conditions, and in turn, is easily replaced by Fe-(oxy)hydroxides and quartz during weathering (Fu et al, 2014) (Figure 10c,f). Previous studies have also shown that smectite is rare in saprolite samples from Soroako and other Ni laterite deposits in Indonesia (Sufriadin et al, 2011;Fu et al, 2014;Farrokhpay et al, 2019). Therefore, smectite is likely a less important phase for Ni enrichment compared with serpentine II in the saprolite horizons at both the Petea and Willson hill profiles.…”

Section: Influence Of Fixation On Ni Enrichment As Inferred From the Variation In Ni-bearing Minerals In The Saprolite Horizonmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The Soroako and Pomalaa mining areas, which are located in the central and southeastern parts of Sulawesi Island, respectively, are the two largest Ni laterite mining sites in Sulawesi Island and produce mainly Ni-rich saprolite ore. Despite their major economic importance, few investigations have been made into the geochemical characteristics of Indonesian Ni laterites (Golightly and Arancibia, 1979;Golightly, 1981;Sufriadin et al, 2011;Ilyas and Koike, 2012;Fu et al, 2014;Ilyas et al, 2016;Farrokhpay et al, 2019). There is also a lack of data on the distribution of critical metals (e.g., Maulana et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical constraints on the mobilization of Ni and critical metals in laterite deposits, Sulawesi, Indonesia: A mass‐balance approach

et al. 2021

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Indonesia is one of the largest Ni ore producers in the world and is also expected to be an important potential source of some critical metals (e.g., Co, Sc, rare-earth elements, and platinum-group elements). However, few studies have examined Ni laterite deposits in this country. In this study, we investigate Ni enrichment and the potential accumulation of critical metals in four laterite profiles with varying degrees of serpentinization and weathering intensity in the Soroako and Pomalaa mining areas of Sulawesi, Indonesia. We integrate geochemical evaluation with a mass-balance approach and mineralogical analysis to better constrain the geochemical factors influencing the mobilization of Ni during lateritization. Nickel contents in the saprolite horizon of the profiles that are strongly weathered and developed over serpentinized peridotite are higher than those that are weakly weathered and developed over unserpentinized harzburgite. The bulk Ni contents of saprolite horizons are related to Ni contents of Ni-bearing Mg-phyllosilicates, which suggests that Ni remobilization is the main control on Ni enrichment in the profiles. Massbalance calculations reveal that the amounts of gained Fe and Ni in the profiles are positively correlated. This relationship indicates that the redistribution of Ni is likely controlled by the aging of Ni-bearing goethite (dissolution/ recrystallization) involving ligand-promoted dissolution by organic matter and/or reductive dissolution by microbial activity near the surface. Critical metals show enrichment in specific horizons. Enrichments in Co and rareearth elements are strongly influenced by the formation of Mn-oxyhydroxides in the oxide zone of the profiles. In contrast, Sc, Pt, and Pd show residual enrichment patterns, with grades influenced mainly by their initial contents in bedrock. The profiles show a positive correlation between Sc and Fe, as reported for other Ni laterite deposits. Among the critical metals, Sc, Pt, and Pd contents in the studied profiles are comparable with values reported from other Ni laterite deposits worldwide.

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Section: Influence Of Fixation On Ni Enrichment As Inferred From the Variation In Ni-bearing Minerals In The Saprolite Horizonmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical constraints on the mobilization of Ni and critical metals in laterite deposits, Sulawesi, Indonesia: A mass‐balance approach

et al. 2021

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“…It is an unconsolidated, hydrous, and clay-like oxide ore, which contains elements such as iron, aluminum, and silicon. Laterite nickel deposits are mainly distributed in tropical countries within 30 degrees north and south of the equatorial line in the world, and the proven laterite nickel resources are mostly distributed in the Tropic of Cancer, such as Cuba [2], Indonesia [3,4], Philippines [5], Australia [6,7], New Caledonia [8], and Papua New Guinea. The content of nickel in laterite nickel ore is low, about 2%, and it is closely inlaid and combined with other minerals, so it is difficult to extract it directly [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaline Hydrothermal Treatment and Leaching Kinetics of Silicon from Laterite Nickel Ore

Cao

Chang

et al. 2021

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration

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A new process of extracting silica from laterite nickel ore by hydrothermal treatment with sodium hydroxide as reaction auxiliary agent was proposed. The mineralogical transformation and silicon extraction kinetics of laterite nickel ore in alkaline hydrothermal treatment were studied. The effects of reaction temperature (175 ~ 250℃), molar ratios of sodium hydroxide to ore (1.05 ~ 1.2:1), and laterite nickel ore particle size (44 ~ 178 μm) on the extraction ratio of silica were investigated by using the shrinking core model. The results show that the extraction ratio of silica increases with the increase of reaction temperature, sodium hydroxide to ore molar ratio, reaction time, and the decrease of raw ore particle size. The kinetic analysis shows that the separation of silica in laterite ore can be described by internal diffusion model. The apparent activation energy (E a ) of the reaction was 8.87 kJ mol −1 , and the kinetic modeling was established. KeywordsLaterite nickel ore • Sodium hydroxide • Hydrothermal • Silica • Kinetics Abbreviations C HCl Concentration of hydrochloric acid standard solution (mol/mL) V a Volume of hydrochloric acid consumed in titration (mL) V c Volume of hydrochloric acid consumed in the blank test (mL) C NaOH Concentration of the standard solution of sodium hydroxide (mol/mL) V b Volume of sodium hydroxide consumed in titration (mL) V d Volume of sodium hydroxide consumed in blank test (mL) V Total volume of the solution (L) v Volume of the solution taken (mL) m Mass of silica in the sample (g) k d Diffusion rate constant (min −1 ) k r Reaction rate constant (min −1 ) A Frequency factor (s −1 ) E a Apparent reaction activation energy (J mol −1 ) R Molar gas constant (J/mol K) T Thermodynamic temperature (K) α Extraction rate of SiO 2 (%) d 2 Square of the initial diameter of the raw ore (µm −2 ) XRD X-ray diffraction SEM Scanning electron microscopy EDS Energy disperse spectroscopy XRF X-ray fluorescence * Longjiao Chang

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“…Nickel and iron are the main components of stainless steel. Therefore, the production of ferro-nickel in the form of nickel and iron has no impact on the stainless-steel industry [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Nickel from Garnierite Laterite Ore Using Roasting and Magnetic Separation with Calcium Chloride and Iron Concentrate

et al. 2020

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In this study, segregation roasting and magnetic separation are used to extract nickel from a garnierite laterite ore. The garnierite laterite ore containing 0.72% Ni, 0.029% Co, 8.65% Fe, 29.66% MgO, and 37.86% SiO 2 was collected in the Mojiang area of China. Garnierite was the Ni-bearing mineral; the other main minerals were potash feldspar, forsterite, tremolite, halloysite, quartz, and kaolinite in the garnierite laterite ore. The iron phase transformations show that nickel is transformed from (Ni,Mg)O·SiO 2 ·nH 2 O to a new nickel mineral phase dominated by [Ni]Fe solid solution; and iron changed from Fe 2 O 3 and FeOOH to a new iron mineral phase dominated by metal Fe and Fe 3 O 4 after segregation roasting. Ferronickel concentrate with Ni of 16.16%, Fe of 73.67%, and nickel recovery of 90.33% was obtained under the comprehensive conditions used: A roasting temperature of 1100 • C, a roasting time of 90 min, a calcium chloride dosage of 15%, an iron concentrate dosage of 30%, a coke dosage of 15%, a coke size of −1 + 0.5 mm, a magnetic separation grinding fineness of <45 µm occupying 90%, and a magnetic separation magnetic field intensity of H = 0.10 T. The main minerals in ferronickel concentrate are Fe, [Ni]Fe, Fe 3 O 4 , and a small amount of gangue minerals, such as CaO·SiO 2 and CaO·Al 2 O 3 ·SiO 2 .

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Characterization of Weda Bay nickel laterite ore from Indonesia

Cited by 31 publications

References 26 publications

Geochemical constraints on the mobilization of Ni and critical metals in laterite deposits, Sulawesi, Indonesia: A mass‐balance approach

Geochemical constraints on the mobilization of Ni and critical metals in laterite deposits, Sulawesi, Indonesia: A mass‐balance approach

Alkaline Hydrothermal Treatment and Leaching Kinetics of Silicon from Laterite Nickel Ore

Extraction of Nickel from Garnierite Laterite Ore Using Roasting and Magnetic Separation with Calcium Chloride and Iron Concentrate

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