Characterization of widespread canine leishmaniasis among wild carnivores from Spain

Sobrino, Raquel; Ferroglio, Ezio; Oleaga, Álvaro; Romano, Angelo; Millán, Javier; Revilla, Miguel; Arnal, María Cruz; Trisciuoglio, Andrea; Gortázar, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.05.003

Cited by 102 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A sylvatic cycle would also be indicated if distinct parasite genotypes were found in dogs and wild mammals; this was suggested by a recent study of dogs and foxes in Spain, though the number of parasites typed was low (Sobrino et al 2008). The increasing availability of markers for strain typing by PCR should allow more extensive studies.…”

Section: Other Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission, reservoir hosts and control of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis

2009

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S U M M A R YZoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) caused by Leishmania infantum is an important disease of humans and dogs. Here we review aspects of the transmission and control of ZVL. Whilst there is clear evidence that ZVL is maintained by sandfly transmission, transmission may also occur by non-sandfly routes, such as congenital and sexual transmission. Dogs are the only confirmed primary reservoir of infection. Meta-analysis of dog studies confirms that infectiousness is higher in symptomatic infection ; infectiousness is also higher in European than South American studies. A high prevalence of infection has been reported from an increasing number of domestic and wild mammals ; updated host ranges are provided. The crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous, opossums Didelphis spp., domestic cat Felis cattus, black rat Rattus rattus and humans can infect sandflies, but confirmation of these hosts as primary or secondary reservoirs requires further xenodiagnosis studies at the population level. Thus the putative sylvatic reservoir(s) of ZVL remains unknown. Review of intervention studies examining the effectiveness of current control methods highlights the lack of randomized controlled trials of both dog culling and residual insecticide spraying. Topical insecticides (deltamethrin-impregnated collars and pour-ons) have been shown to provide a high level of individual protection to treated dogs, but further community-level studies are needed.

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Section: Other Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission, reservoir hosts and control of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis

2009

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“…L. infantum was also detected in skin, bone marrow and lymph node samples by PCR from six crab-eating foxes and one bush dog in state of Mato Grosso . Furthermore, L. infantum has been detected in wild felids such as two captive barbary lions (Panthera leo leo) in France (Libert et al 2012), one genet (Geneta geneta) and one Iberian lynxes (Lynx pardinus) in Spain (Sobrino et al 2008). In Brazil, it was detected in five captive cougars (Puma concolor) and in one captive jaguar (Panthera onca) in state of Mato Grosso (Dahroug et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Leishmania infantum infection by Polymerase Chain Reaction in wild mammals

et al. 2014

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(12):1243-1246, dezembro 2014 1243 RESUMO.-[Diagnóstico de infecção por Leishmania infantum pela reação em cadeia da polimerase em mamíferos silvestres.] A leishmaniose visceral é uma doença infecciosa crônica de mamíferos causada, no Brasil, pelo protozoário Leishmania infantum (sinonímia: Leishmania chagasi) e transmitida pelo flebótomo Lutzomyia longipalpis. Trata-se de uma zoonose endêmica em muitas regiões do Brasil, inclusive em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Em centros urbanos, leishmaniose visceral acomete principalmente o cão doméstico. Entretanto, L. infantum já foi diagnosticada em outras espécies, incluindo canídeos e primatas de cativeiro em zoológicos. Este estudo buscou avaliar a presença do DNA deste agente em animais de cativeiro e de vida livre da Fundação Zoobotânica de Belo Horizonte através da reação em cadeia da polimerase. Foram analisadas oitenta e uma amostras de sangue oriundas de primatas, carnívoros, ruminantes, edentatos, marsupial e herbívoro de estômago simples. Três primatas Alouatta guariba (bugio marrom) e dois canídeos Speothos venaticus (cachorro--do-mato-vinagre), foram positivos, demonstrando a importância do controle da leishmaniose em áreas endêmicas com a finalidade de conservar a fauna silvestre mantida em cativeiro.

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“…Leishmania has also been detected in other wild carnivores, such as Egyptian mongooses and genets and Iberian lynx (Sobrino et al, 2008). Hares can be infected (Ruiz Fons et al, 2013), as can some species of rodents, such as black rats (Rattus rattus) (Gradoni et al, 1983;Zanet et al, 2014).…”

Section: Affected Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High rates of Leishmania infection (10-40 %) have also been found in wild carnivores (Sobrino, et al, 2008;Millan et al, 2011) in areas of Europe where the disease is common in dogs. However, longitudinal studies evaluating persistence of infection and xenodiagnostic studies are lacking in wild carnivores (Millan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Persistence Of Leishmania In Wildlife-the Role Of Wildlife Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of widespread canine leishmaniasis among wild carnivores from Spain

Cited by 102 publications

References 29 publications

Transmission, reservoir hosts and control of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis

Transmission, reservoir hosts and control of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis

Diagnosis of Leishmania infantum infection by Polymerase Chain Reaction in wild mammals

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