Characterization of wood mulch and leachate/runoff from three wood recycling facilities

Kannepalli, Sarat; Strom, Peter F.; Krogmann, Uta; Subroy, Vandana; Giménez, Daniel; Miskewitz, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.093

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These results are consistent with studies on other organic amendments' improvement of overall soil chemical status (Biederman & Whisenant, ). We also observed a significant decrease in soil pH, consistent with several studies evaluating leachate from logging operations and documenting an acid leachate from wood materials (Kannepalli et al, ). In our study, this probably was beneficial as it helped neutralize the high alkalinity of the soil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Using woody organic matter amendments to increase water availability and jump‐start soil restoration of desertified grassland soils of Ningxia, China

Schneider

Morreale

et al. 2019

Land Degrad Dev

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Solutions are urgently needed to address the continued degradation of agricultural soils worldwide, which has severely impacted the ability to grow crops and has led to increased irrigation demand from already rapidly depleting freshwater resources.This project evaluated a unique, previously untested, type of soil organic amendment, that is, coarse wood chips, for capturing and storing scarce precipitation and improving desertified, sandy soils. A field plot experiment was conducted in Ningxia, China, from 2011 through 2016, comparing unamended sandy soils with three coarse woody amendments, including (a) surface-applied mulch, (b) wood chips incorporated into the top 20 cm of soil, and 3) incorporated wood chips combined with a branch lattice shelter over the soil surface-all treatments replicated under both irrigated and nonirrigated conditions. Precipitation patterns and soil moisture content were compared between 2012 and 2015, and related soil physical and chemical properties were monitored continuously, as well as alfalfa yields in 2015 and 2016. Results indicated that amended soils maintained significantly higher soil water contents between rain events, decreased the number of days below the permanent wilting point, and improved soil properties and alfalfa growth. The combination treatment of wood chips and a branch shelter performed the best among treatments, exhibiting increases in average water storage 50% or more above controls. Unlike highly degradable soil amendments, the slow decomposition of the coarse wood chips resulted in continuous benefits for all 5 years. This use of coarse wood chips represents a timely new addition to the toolbox of soil amendments, providing a mechanism for immediate, long-lasting restoration of the world's degraded and desertified soils that will foster global food and water security.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Using woody organic matter amendments to increase water availability and jump‐start soil restoration of desertified grassland soils of Ningxia, China

Schneider

Morreale

et al. 2019

Land Degrad Dev

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“…The TOC measured was also above the permissible limit indicating the presence of more organic carbon within the sample. This could promote high oxygen demand and hence affect lives in the aquatic environment ( Kannepalli et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effects of tropical wood leachate to Desmodesmus subspicatus, Lemna minor and Daphnia magna

Sackey

Kočí

2020

Heliyon

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Ghana has a long history as a major supplier of high-value hardwood timber and wood products to many countries. The research seeks to assess the effects of tropical wood leachates to aquatic organisms. Hence, five wood samples were selected; Mahogany ( Khaya ivorensis ), Cedrela (Cedrela odorata) , Emire (Terminalia ivorensis), Wawa ( Triplochiton scleroxylon ) and Ceiba ( Ceiba pendandra ) from Oboyow forest reserve in Eastern Region- Ghana to assess their toxicity to aquatic organisms. Toxicity tests: Algal ( Desmodesmus subspicatus ) Duckweed ( Lemna minor ) and crustacean ( Daphnia magna ) were carried out using exposures to concentrations of 20, 30, 45, 67 and 100% v/v wood leachate in control media. The high levels of phenols measured in the various wood leachates was the main cause of toxicity. The percentage median Inhibition Concentration (%IC 50 ) of the various wood leachate, ranged from 21.5 - 55.6% with mahogany exhibiting the highest toxicity and wawa the lowest. All the wood leachates were toxic to the aquatic organisms. The %IC 50 showed both confirmed and potential toxicity among the various wood leachates and established that there was significant difference between various wood leachate toxicity.

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“…This indicates that the presence of organic carbons within the sample could be due to the presence of high phenols detected in wood leachates. This could promote high oxygen demand and affect lives in the aquatic environment [49].…”

Section: Types Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological Effect of Aged Wood Leachates to Aquatic Organisms

Sackey

Mocová

Kočí

2020

Water

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Wood is an important natural resource used for various human activities. Toxicity of wood leachate in aquatic organisms has been previously established, but whether storage over time has an impact on the quality of leachate has not been assessed. Hence, this research seeks to assess the toxicity of aged wood leachate in aquatic organisms. Five fresh wood samples were randomly selected from the Oboyow forest reserve in the eastern region of Ghana: Mahogany (Khaya ivorensis), Cedrela (Cedrela odorata), Emire (Terminalia ivorensis), Wawa (Triplochiton scleroxylon), and Ceiba (Ceiba pendandra) to assess their toxicity to aquatic organisms. Algal (Desmodesmus subspicatus) duckweed (Lemna minor) and daphnia (Daphnia magna) were carried out using exposures to concentrations of 20%, 30%, 45%, 67%, and 100% v/v of wood leachate with control media, because they represented various concentration rate levels of wood leachate toxicity in the test organisms. The toxicity of the various wood leachates might be due to high levels of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC), i.e., metals and phenols. The % IC50 of the various wood leachate ranged from 21.51–66.77% with mahogany exhibiting the highest toxicity and wawa the lowest. It was also observed that toxicity of wood leachates decreased as the wood leachate aged. The % IC50 showed both confirmed and potential toxicity among the various wood leachates.

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Characterization of wood mulch and leachate/runoff from three wood recycling facilities

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Using woody organic matter amendments to increase water availability and jump‐start soil restoration of desertified grassland soils of Ningxia, China

Using woody organic matter amendments to increase water availability and jump‐start soil restoration of desertified grassland soils of Ningxia, China

Assessing the effects of tropical wood leachate to Desmodesmus subspicatus, Lemna minor and Daphnia magna

Ecotoxicological Effect of Aged Wood Leachates to Aquatic Organisms

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