Characterization, phylogeny, and responses of leptin to different nutritional states in critically endangered Yangtze sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus)

Chen, Hu; Wang, Bin; Zhou, Bo; Qi, Jingwen; Tang, Ni; Wang, Shuyao; Tian, Zhengzhi; Wang, Mei; Xu, Shaoqi; Yu, Nianye; Chen, Defang; Dawood, Mahmoud A.O.; Li, Zhiqiong

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735296

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Adiponectin and leptin are two major members of adipokines, which have a profound influence on insulin sensitivity and energy balance in mammals [31]. Recently, the roles of leptin in the regulation of energy balance were explored in Yangtze sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus), and it was found that leptin involved in the adaptive regulation of changes in nutritional status, including postprandial, fasting, and food change conditions [32]. However, the role of adiponectin, another important member of adipokines, in the regulation of glucose metabolism in fish remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Adiponectin on Glucose Metabolism in the Hepatopancreas of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Qin

Zhao

Yan

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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Adiponectin plays critical roles in the regulation of energy metabolism in mammals. However, its roles in fish remain to be evaluated. In this study, we examined the tissue distribution characteristics of two adiponectin genes, namely, adipoqa and adipoqb, at transcriptional level, and detected the changes of their mRNA expressions during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Furthermore, we prepared recombinant proteins of grass carp adiponectin A and adiponectin B and studied their roles in the regulation of glucose metabolism in the hepatopancreas of grass carp in vivo. The results showed that adipoqa mRNA was mainly expressed in the heart of grass carp, followed by red muscle, white muscle, and adipose tissue, while adipoqb mRNA was highly expressed in adipose tissue, red muscle, and white muscle. The mRNA levels of adipoqa and adipoqb in the white muscle and heart were significantly decreased at 1 h post OGTT, and their expressions in the heart were also suppressed at 3 h, whereas the transcriptional levels of adipoqa and adipoqb in the red muscle were elevated significantly at 12 h after glucose load. Intraperitoneal injection of adiponectin A or adiponectin B reduced basal serum glucose levels of grass carp and caused an increase of glycogen content in the hepatopancreas. Adiponectin A upregulated the expression of enzyme genes related to glycolysis (gk and pk) and glycogen synthesis (gys) in the hepatopancreas, and adiponectin B promoted the expression of pk and gys, as well as g6pase in the glycogenetic pathway. Besides, adiponectin A and adiponectin B have opposite regulatory effects on glut2 mRNA expression. These results suggested that adiponectin A and adiponectin B promoted glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and glycogen synthesis, increased glycogen content of hepatopancreas, and reduced basal blood glucose level, and they may have an antagonistic regulatory mechanism in regulating glucose uptake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Adiponectin on Glucose Metabolism in the Hepatopancreas of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Qin

Zhao

Yan

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimal strategies when feeding fish in intensive culture systems. In addition, the composition of the feed formulation can influence the growth rates and health of aquatic animals by affecting the feed utilization inside the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) (Trichet, 2010; Chen et al, 2020). Protein, fat, fibre, and energy, as well as the minerals and vitamin contents, are essential factors that can affect the balance between the gut microbiota and the intestinal health (Francis et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional immunity of fish intestines: important insights for sustainable aquaculture

Dawood

2020

Reviews in Aquaculture

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377

198

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Intensive culture systems are usually employed to increase the production, but we suspect that, in such systems, fish suffer infection and stress, which weakens their health. However, such systems may fail due to lack of resources or difficulty in controlling the rearing conditions' optimization. When intensive culture systems fail, aquatic animals gradually stop feeding. Accordingly, their physiological status deteriorates, and their immunity is suppressed. Through some strategies, it is possible to protect fish from disease by providing balanced food that maintain intestinal health and improve digestion, thereby increasing immunity. Protecting the health of the intestinal barriers is the primary guarantee of fish health. The local immunity of the intestine is associated with the innate and adaptive immunity of the fish's entire body. Thus, it is necessary to understand the interaction between the gut microbiota and the general immune system, as well as the most important reasons that can increase or suppress intestinal immunity. Many studies have confirmed that balanced diets containing basic nutritional requirements are the primary factor for maintaining intestinal health in aquatic animals. Another strategy for improving the intestine's local immunity is to use some non-nutritional food additives that increase the activity of beneficial bacteria and the secretion of digestive enzymes and decrease the harmful bacteria. This review article aimed to clarify the relationship between a balanced aquafeed and the intestinal health of aquatic animals by discussing the findings of related studies. Awareness of this correlation between diet and intestinal health is expected to aid the aquaculture industry to develop proper nutritional strategies that ensure the protection of fish health.

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“…Studies have concluded that the composition of the diet formula considerably affects the growth performance and health status of aquatic animals by altering nutrients absorption and metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract ( Trichet, 2010 ; Chen et al, 2020 ; Dawood, 2020 ). Therefore, intestinal health is crucial to the growth of stomachless (agastric) fish ( Le et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary ferulic acid supplementation improved cottonseed meal-based diet utilization by enhancing intestinal physical barrier function and liver antioxidant capacity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idellus)

Chen

Lin

Shi³

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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The present study explored the effects of ferulic acid (FA) supplementation in cottonseed meal (CSM)-based diets on grass carp growth performance, feed utilization, liver antioxidation status, and intestinal physical barrier function. Here, four experimental diets supplemented with FA at graded levels (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and CSM as the main protein source (384.6 g/kg feed) for an 8-week feeding trial. Our results indicated that 200 mg/kg FA supplementation in a CSM-based diet significantly improved growth performance [including final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate, and specific growth rate] and feed utilization [including feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio] in grass carp (p < 0.05). The results of polynomial regression analysis based on FBW recommended that the optimal dose for FA supplementation was 204 mg/kg. Compared with that no FA supplementation, 200 mg/kg FA supplementation significantly reduced liver malondialdehyde levels and increased glutathione reductase activities (p < 0.05) and 100 mg/kg FA supplementation significantly increased liver total superoxide dismutase activities and reduced blood alanine transaminase levels (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, 100 mg/kg FA supplementation also led to significantly increased mRNA expression of zo-1, zo-2, occludin, claudin-b, claudin-3, claudin-7a, and claudin-12, encoding intestinal tight junction proteins (p < 0.05). Notably, FA supplementation could reduce lipid deposition by regulating bile acid (BA) secretion. In this study, 100 and 200 mg/kg FA supplementation significantly increased blood and liver total BA levels, respectively (p < 0.05); 100 mg/kg FA also significantly activated mRNA expressions of fxr and cyp7a1 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the whole-body composition results presented that FA treatment relieved lipid deposition, particularly 50 and 200 mg/kg FA supplementation (p < 0.05). Moreover, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were significantly lower and high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly higher with 200 mg/kg FA supplementation than with no FA supplementation (p < 0.05). Taken together, the results indicated that FA may be a beneficial feed additive to boost fish growth performance and increase CSM utilization.

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Characterization, phylogeny, and responses of leptin to different nutritional states in critically endangered Yangtze sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus)

Cited by 16 publications

References 57 publications

Effects of Adiponectin on Glucose Metabolism in the Hepatopancreas of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Effects of Adiponectin on Glucose Metabolism in the Hepatopancreas of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Nutritional immunity of fish intestines: important insights for sustainable aquaculture

Dietary ferulic acid supplementation improved cottonseed meal-based diet utilization by enhancing intestinal physical barrier function and liver antioxidant capacity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idellus)

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