Characterization, possible sources and health risk assessment of PM2.5-bound Heavy Metals in the most industrial city of Iran

Kermani, Majid; Jafari, Ahmad Jonidi; Gholami, Mitra; Arfaeinia, Hossein; Shahsavani, Abbas; Fanaei, Farzad

doi:10.1007/s40201-020-00589-3

Cited by 58 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In China, meteorological conditions were related to interannual PM variations through correlations using robust ANN prediction models 36 . In Iran, meteorological factors were related to the PM 10 /PM 2.5 ratio using the AirQ+ model, calculating positive correlations between relative humidity (RH) and temperature (T), and negative correlations with precipitation and wind speed (WS) 37 . However, one of the most commonly used models is the multiple linear regression (MLR) model 16,38 .…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical modeling approach for PM10 prediction before and during confinement by COVID-19 in South Lima, Perú

Torres

Estela

Sánchez-Ccoyllo

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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A total of 188,859 meteorological-PM$$_{10}$$ 10 data validated before (2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) were used. In order to predict PM$$_{10}$$ 10 in two districts of South Lima in Peru, hourly, daily, monthly and seasonal variations of the data were analyzed. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and linear/nonlinear modeling were applied. The results showed the highest annual average PM$$_{10}$$ 10 for San Juan de Miraflores (SJM) (PM$$_{10}$$ 10 -SJM: 78.7 $$\upmu$$ μ g/m$$^{3}$$ 3 ) and the lowest in Santiago de Surco (SS) (PM$$_{10}$$ 10 -SS: 40.2 $$\upmu$$ μ g/m$$^{3}$$ 3 ). The PCA showed the influence of relative humidity (RH)-atmospheric pressure (AP)-temperature (T)/dew point (DP)-wind speed (WS)-wind direction (WD) combinations. Cool months with higher humidity and atmospheric instability decreased PM$$_{10}$$ 10 values in SJM and warm months increased it, favored by thermal inversion (TI). Dust resuspension, vehicular transport and stationary sources contributed more PM$$_{10}$$ 10 at peak times in the morning and evening. The Multiple linear regression (MLR) showed the best correlation (r = 0.6166), followed by the three-dimensional model LogAP-LogWD-LogPM$$_{10}$$ 10 (r = 0.5753); the RMSE-MLR (12.92) exceeded that found in the 3D models (RMSE $$<0.3$$ < 0.3 ) and the NSE-MLR criterion (0.3804) was acceptable. PM$$_{10}$$ 10 prediction was modeled using the algorithmic approach in any scenario to optimize urban management decisions in times of pandemic.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical modeling approach for PM10 prediction before and during confinement by COVID-19 in South Lima, Perú

Torres

Estela

Sánchez-Ccoyllo

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…One explanation is that metals and various compounds present in ambient PMs enter the circulatory system and trigger systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which further exhibit harmful effects on cognitive function [ 62 , 63 ]. Ambient PM consists of various types of metals, such as aluminum, lead, arsenic, mercury, iron, copper, nickel, chromium, cadmium, manganese, and zinc, and some of these levels exceed the limits of the WHO or the respective country’s air quality standards [ 64 , 65 ]. These heavy metals, which are present at high levels in polluted ambient air, enter the human body via direct inhalation through the mouth and nose/olfactory epithelium, absorption via the exposed skin, and ingestion into the gastrointestinal tract [ 66 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Short- to Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Particulate Matter on Cognitive Function in a Cohort of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: KoGES

Lee

Kim

Song

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Exposure to ambient air pollution and its threat to human health is a global concern, especially in the elderly population. Therefore, more in-depth studies are required to understand the extent of the harmful effects of particulate matter (PM) based on duration and levels of exposure. An investigation was conducted to determine the association between short- (1–14 days), medium- (1, 3, and 6 months), and long-term (1, 2, and 3 years) exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5 and PM10) and cognitive function among Koreans (4175 participants, mean age 67.8 years, 55.2% women) aged over 50 years. Higher levels of PM2.5 exposure for short to long term and PM10 exposure for medium to long term were found to be associated with decreased cognitive function, as indicated by lower scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination adopted in Korean (K-MMSE). There were significant effect modifications by sex, age group, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and smoking status in the association between long-term PM2.5 and PM10 exposure and cognitive function. These findings, which underscore the importance of the efforts to reduce the exposure levels and durations of air pollutants, especially in the vulnerable elderly population, provide evidence for establishing more stringent policies for air pollution regulations.

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“…Indoor PACs PM 2.5 air pollution can contain variable amounts of vasculotoxic metals, including lead, cadmium, and arsenic. 185,186 Each metal within the PM 2.5 mass appears to carry its attendant CVD toxicity and risk. 187 It should be noted that lead is a regulated air pollutant in the United States.…”

Section: Compendium On Environmental Impacts On Cardiovascular Health...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Strategies to Reduce the Cardiovascular Impacts of Environmental Exposures

Bonanni,

Newman

2024

Circulation Research

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Ubiquitous environmental exposures increase cardiovascular disease risk via diverse mechanisms. This review examines personal strategies to minimize this risk. With regard to fine particulate air pollution exposure, evidence exists to recommend the use of portable air cleaners and avoidance of outdoor activity during periods of poor air quality. Other evidence may support physical activity, dietary modification, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, and indoor and in-vehicle air conditioning as viable strategies to minimize adverse health effects. There is currently insufficient data to recommend specific personal approaches to reduce the adverse cardiovascular effects of noise pollution. Public health advisories for periods of extreme heat or cold should be observed, with limited evidence supporting a warm ambient home temperature and physical activity as strategies to limit the cardiovascular harms of temperature extremes. Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure can be reduced by avoiding contact with perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance–containing materials; blood or plasma donation and cholestyramine may reduce total body stores of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances. However, the cardiovascular impact of these interventions has not been examined. Limited utilization of pesticides and safe handling during use should be encouraged. Finally, vasculotoxic metal exposure can be decreased by using portable air cleaners, home water filtration, and awareness of potential contaminants in ground spices. Chelation therapy reduces physiological stores of vasculotoxic metals and may be effective for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.

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Characterization, possible sources and health risk assessment of PM2.5-bound Heavy Metals in the most industrial city of Iran

Cited by 58 publications

References 49 publications

Statistical modeling approach for PM10 prediction before and during confinement by COVID-19 in South Lima, Perú

Statistical modeling approach for PM10 prediction before and during confinement by COVID-19 in South Lima, Perú

Effect of Short- to Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Particulate Matter on Cognitive Function in a Cohort of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: KoGES

Personal Strategies to Reduce the Cardiovascular Impacts of Environmental Exposures

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