Characterization, Test and Logic Synthesis of Novel Conservative and Reversible Logic Gates for Qca

Abstract

Quantum dot cellular automaton (QCA) is an emerging technology in the field of nanotechnology. Reversible logic is emerging as a promising computing paradigm with applications in low-power quantum computing and QCA in the field of very large scale integration (VLSI) design. In this paper, we worked on conservative logic gate (CLG) and reversible logic gate (RLG). We examined that RLG and CLG are two classes of logic family intersecting each other. The intersection of RLG and CLG is parity preserving reversible (PPR) or conservative reversible logic gate (CRLG). We proposed in this paper, three algorithms to find different k × k RLG as well as CLG. Here, we demonstrate only the most promising two proposed gates of different categories. We compared the results with that of the previous Fredkin gate. The result shows that logic synthesis using above two gates will be a promising step towards the low-power QCA design era. We have shown a parity preserving approach to design all possible CLG. We also discuss a coupled Majority–minority-Voter (MmV) in a single nanostructure, dual outputs are driven simultaneously. This MmV gate is used for implementing n variables symmetric functions, testing the conservative gates as we explained that parity must be preserved if Majority and Minority output are same as input as well as output of CLG.

Correlation and convolution for binary image filter using QCA

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]11 A tunnel is present among the dots, which connects them and through which the electrons can move between adjacent dots. Two free electrons are placed within a QCA cell as shown in Figure 1, due to which the Coulomb effect is generated.…”

“…23,26 The majority gate's output is based on the superiority of the values given as inputs. [1][2][3] If P, Q and R are considered as inputs to a majority gate, its corresponding logical expression can be written as…”

“…[1][2][3][4] In the QCA technique, information is encapsulated based on the charge configuration of electrons within a QCA cell of coupled quantum dots. [5][6][7] Due to cell-to-cell mutual electrostatic Coulomb interaction, all the cells are exposed to bistable activities that are sufficient to perform computation.…”

Reversible Binary to Grey and Grey to Binary Code Converter using QCA

“…QCA is a most promising transistor-less nanotechnology to build circuit at nanoscale [1,2]. When in irreversible computations, a single bit of message is lost and produced the heat as k B Tln2 J, where k B and T represent Boltzmann's constant and absolute computing temperature, respectively [3]. But in reversible computations, k B Tln2 J heat dissipation would not occur [4] which makes the essentiality of reversible computation in extremely low power device like VLSI circuits.…”

Probabilistic Defect Analysis Model for Quantum dot Cellular Automata Design at Analytical Phase

“…An exhaustive research is conceived during a decade and becomes research interest. Several proposals have been reported to design the QCA Device fabrication [4][5], Logic implementation [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], and testing [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] etc. the fundamental theory of computation for QCA is a cell, consisting of two extra electrons confined within square shape four quantum dot systems.…”