Characterizations and stability of polyimide–phosphotungstic acid composite electrolyte membranes for fuel cell

Nafion/silicon oxide/phosphotungstic acid nanocomposite membrane with enhanced proton conductivity

“…where is the conductivity of the composite membrane (S cm −1 ), R the resistance (ohm), l is thickness of the membrane (cm) and S is contact surface area of the electrode (cm 2 ) [16,17].…”

Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone)/silicotungstic acid composite membranes for fuel cells

“…The incorporation of various inorganic materials has been attempted to overcome the above-mentioned drawback. The incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles into a polymer matrix might improve proton conductivity, 11,12 mechanical strength, 13,14 fuel barrier properties 15 and membrane durability. 16 Composite organic-inorganic membranes are the most attractive polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells.…”

“…16 Composite organic-inorganic membranes are the most attractive polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells. 11,13 Heteropolyacids (HPA) are one of the most attractive inorganic modifiers because of their crystalline structure, which has been demonstrated to be highly conductive 17,18 and thermally stable. 19,20 In this manuscript, we report on the syntheses and characterization of SPAES/STA composite membranes for fuel cell applications.…”

Tuning transport properties by manipulating the phase segregation of tetramethyldisiloxane segments in modified polyimide electrolytes

“…Various sulfonated aromatic polymers, such as: poly(aryl ether sulfone) [3][4][5][6], poly(ether ketone) [7,8], polyimide (PI) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], Polybenzimidazole (PBI) [19][20][21][22][23], etc. have been proposed as alternative membrane materials.…”