Characterizations of undoped and Cu doped CdS thin films using photothermal and other techniques

Abstract

Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy (PDS) technique was used to study undoped and copper (Cu) doped cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films. Variation in grain size and lattice strain due to Cu doping were analysed using X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Changes in mobility of carriers in CdS with Cu concentration was studied using PDS technique for the first time and results are compared with the earlier ones. Thickness of Cu diffused region in CdS was also calculated and compared with results from X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Ellipsometry. Results from PDS technique are found to be agreeing with those from other experiments. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Piezo-photovoltaic coupling in CdS-based thin-film photovoltaics

“…We note in this connection that Cu doping was found to strongly compress the CdS, 26 which may explain the known generally beneficial role of Cu doping 1 and the fact that it is not required for some types of substrates. We note in this connection that Cu doping was found to strongly compress the CdS, 26 which may explain the known generally beneficial role of Cu doping 1 and the fact that it is not required for some types of substrates.…”

“…25,26 Through the piezo-effect ͑illustrated in Fig. 25,26 Through the piezo-effect ͑illustrated in Fig.…”

Growth of CdS:Cu Nanocrystals by Chemical Synthesis

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Cu-doped II-VI compounds are useful in the design of solar cells, 5 optical fibers, 7 electroluminescent structures, 8 diodes, 9 etc. CdS:Cu single crystals, 1,2,4 powders, 3,10 and thin films prepared by different methods 6,[9][10][11][12][13] have been employed in the characterization of this material. Specifically, CdS:Cu has been used in solar cells, 14 photomemories, 15 and light emitting diodes fabrication.…”

“…Specifically, CdS:Cu has been used in solar cells, 14 photomemories, 15 and light emitting diodes fabrication. 16 Some growth techniques used to grow the films are thermal evaporation, 6,9 e-beam evaporation, 11 spray pyrolysis, 12 dipping plus diffusion, 13 and chemical bath. 17 Copper is usually incorporated substitutionally into CdS as Cu 2+ in Cd 2+ sites; 4 however, Cu + and Cu 3+ ionization states 2,18 are also observed.…”

Structural studies on some doped CdS thin films deposited by thermal evaporation

“…Metal chalcogenides are attracting a great deal of attention because of their many fold importance in a wide spectrum of optoelectronic devices [5][6][7][8].…”