Characterizing and Predicting nvPM Size Distributions for Aviation Emission Inventories and Environmental Impact

Durdina, Lukas; Durand, Eliot; Edebeli, Jacinta; Spirig, Curdin; Brem, Benjamin T.; Elser, Miriam; Siegerist, Frithjof; Johnson, Mark; Sevcenco, Yura A.; Crayford, Andrew P.

doi:10.1021/acs.est.4c02538

Environ. Sci. Technol.

2024

DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c02538

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Characterizing and Predicting nvPM Size Distributions for Aviation Emission Inventories and Environmental Impact

Lukas Durdina,

Eliot Durand,

Jacinta Edebeli

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

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Emission and Formation of Aircraft Engine Oil Ultrafine Particles

Decker,

Alpert,

Ammann

et al. 2024

ACS EST Air

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Civil aviation gas turbine engines emit ultrafine particles (UFPs, diameter < 100 nm). UFPs degrade air quality because they efficiently transport their chemical content, including engine oil, into the body. Yet, little is known about how and when oil containing UFPs are formed. Results here describe the thrust and flight phase-dependent oil emission and reveal the particle size-dependent transfer of vaporized oil to UFPs with molecular level resolution. All six engines studied emitted oil containing UFPs. Lower volatility oil molecules are enriched on particles <30 nm. Further, the particulate oil mass size distribution aligns with the emitted surface area distribution, suggesting oil vapor condensation onto primary particles and the potential for oil nucleation. However, the oil gas-to-particle transfer in hot exhaust is likely incomplete at least 50 m downwind thus limiting current emission studies. The measured engine oil consumption provides an upper-limit oil emission index at idle of 240 mg oil per kg fuel. The emission index at cruise is 110 mg kg −1 , which is a factor of 10 greater than black carbon. For any flight >2 h, 95% of oil emission is expected to occur at cruise altitude, highlighting the unknown effects of oil emission in the upper atmosphere.

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Emission and Formation of Aircraft Engine Oil Ultrafine Particles

Decker,

Alpert,

Ammann

et al. 2024

ACS EST Air

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Experimental characterization of electrostatic loss relevant to aviation nvPM sampling

Lidstone-Lane,

Durand,

Williams

et al. 2024

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emissions from a turboshaft-engine using different blends of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF)

Rohkamp,

Rabl,

Bendl

et al. 2024

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Characterizing and Predicting nvPM Size Distributions for Aviation Emission Inventories and Environmental Impact

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Emission and Formation of Aircraft Engine Oil Ultrafine Particles

Emission and Formation of Aircraft Engine Oil Ultrafine Particles

Experimental characterization of electrostatic loss relevant to aviation nvPM sampling

Gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emissions from a turboshaft-engine using different blends of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF)

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