Characterizing functional regional homogeneity (ReHo) as a B-SNIP psychosis biomarker using traditional and machine learning approaches

Ji, Lanxin; Meda, Shashwath A.; Tamminga, Carol A.; Clementz, Brett A.; Keshavan, Matcheri S.; Sweeney, John A.; Gershon, Elliot S.; Pearlson, Godfrey D.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2019.07.015

Cited by 41 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…We found that most brain regions showed a lower functional brain activity in SZs than those in NCs ( Supplementary Table S2). This result is consistent with previous studies that reported altered ReHo in SZs in the bilateral STC 38 , the MTC 22,38 , the bilateral superior medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) 20 , the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and the fusiform gyrus 20,22 compared with those in NCs. Most of the brain regions that showed altered ReHo, such as the STG, MTC and SFG, are related to visual and auditory perception and are mainly located in the frontal and temporal areas ( Supplementary Table S2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Speci cally, taking the voxel or vertex of high-resolution connectomes in the graph as a node, the ReHo index of this node is computed as Kendall's coe cient of concordance (KCC) 23 . Previous studies found that SZs often showed increased ReHo in the inferior and middle temporal area 22 , the bilateral superior medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) 20 , the right superior frontal gyrus, the right superior temporal cortex (STC) 24 and the fusiform gyrus 22 but decreased ReHo in the right precentral lobule, the right inferior parietal lobule (IPL), the left paracentral lobule 20 , the left postcentral gyrus and the left STG 24 compared with those of NCs. Additionally, amplitude of low-frequency uctuation (ALFF) has been widely used as a neuroimage biomarker to explore the resting-state regional brain activity in psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Gut Microbiome Was Associated With Brain Structure and Function in Schizophrenia

Song

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The effects of the gut microbiome on the central nervous system and its possible role in mental disorders have received increasing attention. However, our knowledge about the relationship between the gut microbiome and brain structure and function is still very limited. Here, we leveraged 16S rRNA sequencing with structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and resting-state functional (rs-fMRI) to investigate differences in fecal microbiota between 38 patients with schizophrenia (SZs) and 38 demographically matched normal controls (NCs) and explored whether such differences were associated with brain structure and function. At the genus level, we found that the relative abundance of Ruminococcus and Roseburia was significantly lower, whereas the abundance of Veillonella was increased in SZs compared to NCs. Additionally, the MRI results revealed that several brain regions showed lower gray matter volume (GMV) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), but increased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in SZs than in NCs. Statistical analyses were performed to explore the associations between microbial shifts and brain structure and function. Alpha diversity of gut microbiota showed a strong linear relationship with GMV and ReHo. Moreover, we found that lower ReHo indexes in the right STC (r = -0.35, p = 0.031, FDR corrected p = 0.039), the left cuneus (r = -0.33, p = 0.044, FDR corrected p = 0.053) and the right MTC (r = -0.34, p = 0.03, FDR corrected p = 0.052) were negatively correlated with a lower abundance of the genus Roseburia. This study suggests that the potential role of the gut microbiome in schizophrenia (SZ) is related to the alteration of brain structure and function, suggesting a new direction for studying the pathology of SZ.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiome Was Associated With Brain Structure and Function in Schizophrenia

Song

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Jing et al bilateral praecuneus in 48 SCZ vs 31 HC (26). The Whole brain ReHo measures were used as robust psychosis biomarker: SVM resulted more accurate in identify patterns of higher ReHo abnormalities (inferior/middle temporal area and fusiform gyrus) (40). The integration of the neuropsychological evaluation to detect different aspects related to attention, working memory, praxic, visuospatial, and executive functions was able for the early diagnosis of patients with SCZ (35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By analyzing the coherence regional homogeneity (Cohe-ReHo) value, Liu et al demonstrated that it was decreased in several areas, such as the left postcentral gyrus, right precentral gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, left paracentral lobule, right IPL, and bilateral praecuneus in 48 SCZ vs 31 HC ( 26 ). The Whole brain ReHo measures were used as robust psychosis biomarker: SVM resulted more accurate in identify patterns of higher ReHo abnormalities (inferior/middle temporal area and fusiform gyrus) ( 40 ). The integration of the neuropsychological evaluation to detect different aspects related to attention, working memory, praxic, visuospatial, and executive functions was able for the early diagnosis of patients with SCZ ( 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Support Vector Machine on fMRI Data as Biomarkers in Schizophrenia Diagnosis: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Non-invasive measurements of brain function and structure as neuroimaging in patients with mental illnesses are useful and powerful tools for studying discriminatory biomarkers. To date, functional MRI (fMRI), structural MRI (sMRI) represent the most used techniques to provide multiple perspectives on brain function, structure, and their connectivity. Recently, there has been rising attention in using machine-learning (ML) techniques, pattern recognition methods, applied to neuroimaging data to characterize diseaserelated alterations in brain structure and function and to identify phenotypes, for example, for translation into clinical and early diagnosis. Our aim was to provide a systematic review according to the PRISMA statement of Support Vector Machine (SVM) techniques in making diagnostic discrimination between SCZ patients from healthy controls using neuroimaging data from functional MRI as input. We included studies using SVM as ML techniques with patients diagnosed with Schizophrenia. From an initial sample of 660 papers, at the end of the screening process, 22 articles were selected, and included in our review. This technique can be a valid, inexpensive, and non-invasive support to recognize and detect patients at an early stage, compared to any currently available assessment or clinical diagnostic methods in order to save crucial time. The higher accuracy of SVM models and the new integrated methods of ML techniques could play a decisive role to detect patients with SCZ or other major psychiatric disorders in the early stages of the disease or to potentially determine their neuroimaging risk factors in the near future.

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“…ReHo is believed to reflect anatomical, morphological, and intrinsically geometric similarity in a local brain structure as well as a topology-functionality interplay. Accumulating evidence suggests that ReHo changes are associated with the pathophysiology of MPDs [11][12][13][14][15][16] . ReHo alterations in the prefrontal cortex, thalamus, right supplemental motor area and primary visual, auditory and motor cortices have been detected across SCZ, BPD and MDD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying dimensional psychopathology: transdiagnostic associations among regional homogeneity, leptin and depressive symptoms

et al. 2020

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Dimensional psychopathology and its neurobiological underpinnings could provide important insights into major psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. In a dimensional transdiagnostic approach, we examined depressive symptoms and their relationships with regional homogeneity and leptin across major psychiatric disorders. A total of 728 participants (including 403 patients with major psychiatric disorders and 325 age-gender-matched healthy controls) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging at a single site. We obtained plasma leptin levels and depressive symptom measures (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)) within 24 h of scanning and compared the regional homogeneity (ReHo), plasma leptin levels and HAMD total score and factor scores between patients and healthy controls. To reveal the potential relationships, we performed correlational and mediational analyses. Patients with major psychiatric disorders had significant lower ReHo in primary sensory and visual association cortices and higher ReHo in the frontal cortex and angular gyrus; plasma leptin levels were also elevated. Furthermore, ReHo alterations, leptin and HAMD factor scores had significant correlations. We also found that leptin mediated the transdiagnostic relationships among ReHo alterations in primary somatosensory and visual association cortices, core depressive symptoms and body mass index. The transdiagnostic associations we demonstrated support the common neuroanatomical substrates and neurobiological mechanisms. Moreover, leptin could be an important association among ReHo, core depressive symptoms and body mass index, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for dimensional depressive symptoms across major psychiatric disorders.

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Characterizing functional regional homogeneity (ReHo) as a B-SNIP psychosis biomarker using traditional and machine learning approaches

Cited by 41 publications

References 42 publications

The Gut Microbiome Was Associated With Brain Structure and Function in Schizophrenia

The Gut Microbiome Was Associated With Brain Structure and Function in Schizophrenia

Application of Support Vector Machine on fMRI Data as Biomarkers in Schizophrenia Diagnosis: A Systematic Review

Applying dimensional psychopathology: transdiagnostic associations among regional homogeneity, leptin and depressive symptoms

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